Dietary energy supply used in the estimation of the prevalence of undernourishment (kcal/cap/day) (3-year average) — Value by country
The Suite of Food Security Indicators presents the core set of food security indicators. Following the recommendation of experts gathered in the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) Round Table on hunger measurement, hosted at FAO headquarters in September 2011, an initial set of indicators aiming to capture...
Countries reporting
163
Highest
3,958 kcal/cap/d
Belgium
Lowest
1,757 kcal/cap/d
Somalia
Median
2,982 kcal/cap/d
Years covered
24
2000–2023
Data points
4,806
What the numbers show
Dietary energy supply used in the estimation of the prevalence of undernourishment (kcal/cap/day) (3-year average) — Value is currently reported for 163 countries. The highest value is 3,958 kcal/cap/d in Belgium; the lowest is 1,757 kcal/cap/d in Somalia.
The median across all reporting countries is 2,982 kcal/cap/d, and the mean is 2,977 kcal/cap/d.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 119 countries rose and 42 fell. The largest increase was in Dominican Republic (up 20.9%), and the largest decrease in Syrian Arab Republic (down 21.0%).
Dietary energy supply used in the estimation of the prevalence of: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Belgium | 3,958 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 1 | Polynesia | 3,146 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 2 | Ireland | 3,923 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 2 | Republic of Moldova | 3,019 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 3 | Serbia | 3,905 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 3 | Viet Nam | 3,015 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 4 | Italy | 3,807 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.0% | flat |
| 5 | Austria | 3,803 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.1% | flat |
| 5 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 2,876 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.5% | falling |
| 6 | Poland | 3,801 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 6 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 2,808 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.2% | flat |
| 7 | Israel | 3,774 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 8 | Denmark | 3,759 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 8 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 2,566 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 9 | Romania | 3,711 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 9 | United Republic of Tanzania | 2,527 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 10 | Montenegro | 3,669 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 11 | Saudi Arabia | 3,646 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 11 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 2,344 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 12 | Iceland | 3,608 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 12 | Melanesia | 2,264 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 13 | Hungary | 3,598 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 13 | Timor-Leste | 2,258 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 3,596 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.6% | flat |
| 15 | Germany | 3,582 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 15 | Syrian Arab Republic | 2,230 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 16 | Russian Federation | 3,578 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 16 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2,069 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.7% | falling |
| 17 | Canada | 3,576 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 17 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 2,022 kcal/cap/d | 2017 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 18 | Australia | 3,540 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 19 | France | 3,524 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.8% | falling |
| 20 | Luxembourg | 3,521 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.5% | flat |
| 21 | Croatia | 3,508 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 22 | China, mainland | 3,504 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 22 | Côte d'Ivoire | 2,943 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 23 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3,501 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 24 | North Macedonia | 3,496 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 24 | Cabo Verde | 2,830 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 25 | Australia and New Zealand | 3,494 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 26 | China | 3,492 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 27 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 3,482 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 28 | Belarus | 3,453 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 29 | Czechia | 3,452 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.4% | flat |
| 29 | Norway | 3,452 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.7% | flat |
| 31 | Tunisia | 3,435 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 32 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 3,430 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.4% | flat |
| 33 | Republic of Korea | 3,419 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 34 | Spain | 3,416 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.8% | flat |
| 35 | Switzerland | 3,410 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 36 | Malta | 3,405 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.8% | flat |
| 37 | Latvia | 3,404 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 38 | Brazil | 3,396 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 38 | Algeria | 3,396 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 40 | Argentina | 3,395 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 41 | Greece | 3,392 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 42 | Sweden | 3,388 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 43 | Finland | 3,377 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 44 | Dominican Republic | 3,367 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 45 | Guyana | 3,358 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 46 | Estonia | 3,349 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 47 | Azerbaijan | 3,347 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 11.5% | rising |
| 48 | Lithuania | 3,343 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Morocco | 3,335 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 50 | Mauritius | 3,319 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 51 | Uzbekistan | 3,316 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 52 | Mexico | 3,302 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.8% | flat |
| 53 | Uruguay | 3,281 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 54 | New Zealand | 3,262 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 55 | Slovenia | 3,237 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 56 | Albania | 3,235 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 57 | Samoa | 3,216 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 58 | Egypt | 3,174 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.8% | flat |
| 59 | Armenia | 3,170 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 60 | Ghana | 3,151 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 61 | Dominica | 3,149 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 14.3% | flat |
| 62 | Kazakhstan | 3,141 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 62 | Kiribati | 3,141 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 64 | Panama | 3,129 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 65 | Guinea | 3,125 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 66 | Colombia | 3,121 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 67 | Barbados | 3,114 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 68 | Paraguay | 3,097 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 69 | French Polynesia | 3,092 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 70 | Chile | 3,071 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.7% | flat |
| 71 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 3,069 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 72 | Bulgaria | 3,052 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 73 | New Caledonia | 3,048 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 74 | Georgia | 3,040 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.7% | flat |
| 75 | Mongolia | 3,027 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 76 | Costa Rica | 3,016 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 77 | Oman | 3,008 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 78 | Trinidad and Tobago | 2,999 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 79 | Vanuatu | 2,982 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 80 | Malaysia | 2,975 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 81 | China, Taiwan Province of | 2,974 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.4% | flat |
| 82 | Philippines | 2,961 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 83 | Fiji | 2,959 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 8.7% | flat |
| 84 | Nepal | 2,935 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 85 | El Salvador | 2,925 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 86 | Jamaica | 2,919 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 87 | Mauritania | 2,918 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 88 | Indonesia | 2,915 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 89 | Senegal | 2,875 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 90 | Myanmar | 2,869 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 91 | Peru | 2,863 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 92 | Cameroon | 2,851 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 93 | Benin | 2,846 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 93 | Lebanon | 2,846 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.8% | flat |
| 95 | Guatemala | 2,844 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 13.8% | rising |
| 96 | Belize | 2,842 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 97 | Turkmenistan | 2,837 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.7% | flat |
| 98 | Burkina Faso | 2,826 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 99 | Thailand | 2,815 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 100 | Libya | 2,800 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 101 | Mali | 2,798 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 102 | Nicaragua | 2,770 kcal/cap/d | 2021 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 103 | Tajikistan | 2,763 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.9% | rising |
| 104 | Kyrgyzstan | 2,762 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.8% | flat |
| 105 | Sri Lanka | 2,760 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 106 | Iraq | 2,737 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 107 | Djibouti | 2,717 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 108 | Botswana | 2,715 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 108 | Ukraine | 2,715 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 110 | India | 2,705 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 111 | Niger | 2,683 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 112 | South Africa | 2,659 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 113 | Ecuador | 2,651 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 114 | Jordan | 2,646 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 115 | Bangladesh | 2,639 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 116 | Sudan | 2,631 kcal/cap/d | 2020 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 117 | Togo | 2,629 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 118 | Gabon | 2,625 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 4.1% | flat |
| 119 | Honduras | 2,621 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 120 | Guinea-Bissau | 2,593 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 121 | Eswatini | 2,589 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 8.5% | flat |
| 122 | Suriname | 2,545 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 4.1% | flat |
| 123 | Ethiopia | 2,539 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 124 | Malawi | 2,532 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 125 | Pakistan | 2,530 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 126 | Namibia | 2,512 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 127 | South Sudan | 2,463 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | — | flat |
| 128 | Nigeria | 2,444 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 129 | Rwanda | 2,440 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 130 | Comoros | 2,434 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 131 | Gambia | 2,431 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.1% | flat |
| 132 | Uganda | 2,430 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 5.4% | falling |
| 133 | Sierra Leone | 2,415 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 134 | Zimbabwe | 2,410 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 135 | Angola | 2,384 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.1% | rising |
| 136 | Afghanistan | 2,313 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 137 | Sao Tome and Principe | 2,279 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 138 | Congo | 2,240 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.5% | flat |
| 139 | Solomon Islands | 2,231 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 4.0% | falling |
| 140 | Mozambique | 2,198 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 7.1% | flat |
| 141 | Kenya | 2,187 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 2.1% | rising |
| 142 | Papua New Guinea | 2,162 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 1.4% | flat |
| 143 | Liberia | 2,125 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 144 | Chad | 2,121 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 145 | Zambia | 2,061 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 0.5% | rising |
| 146 | Haiti | 1,998 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 9.3% | rising |
| 147 | Madagascar | 1,957 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | down 3.8% | flat |
| 148 | Somalia | 1,757 kcal/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- United States of America 3,962 kcal/cap/d
- Northern America 3,922 kcal/cap/d
- Northern America and Europe 3,662 kcal/cap/d
- Southern Europe 3,607 kcal/cap/d
- Asia 2,996 kcal/cap/d
- Western Europe 3,577 kcal/cap/d
- High-income economies 3,573 kcal/cap/d
- Europe 3,527 kcal/cap/d
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 2,679 kcal/cap/d
- Eastern Europe 3,473 kcal/cap/d
- Northern Europe 3,462 kcal/cap/d
- Eastern Asia 3,419 kcal/cap/d
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 2,456 kcal/cap/d
- Upper-middle-income economies 3,293 kcal/cap/d
- Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia 3,272 kcal/cap/d
- South America 3,199 kcal/cap/d
- Central America 3,169 kcal/cap/d
- Middle Africa 2,250 kcal/cap/d
- Latin America and the Caribbean 3,167 kcal/cap/d
- Oceania 3,139 kcal/cap/d
- Central Asia 3,108 kcal/cap/d
- Northern Africa 3,072 kcal/cap/d
- World 3,025 kcal/cap/d
- Western Asia and Northern Africa 3,019 kcal/cap/d
- Western Asia 2,971 kcal/cap/d
- South-Eastern Asia 2,916 kcal/cap/d
- Caribbean 2,798 kcal/cap/d
- Lower-middle-income economies 2,710 kcal/cap/d
- Central Asia and Southern Asia 2,698 kcal/cap/d
- Southern Asia 2,681 kcal/cap/d
- Southern Africa 2,653 kcal/cap/d
- Western Africa 2,642 kcal/cap/d
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 2,629 kcal/cap/d
- Africa 2,575 kcal/cap/d
- Sub-Saharan Africa 2,465 kcal/cap/d
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 2,380 kcal/cap/d
- Eastern Africa 2,362 kcal/cap/d
- Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand 2,305 kcal/cap/d
- Low-income economies 2,262 kcal/cap/d
About this data
The Suite of Food Security Indicators presents the core set of food security indicators. Following the recommendation of experts gathered in the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) Round Table on hunger measurement, hosted at FAO headquarters in September 2011, an initial set of indicators aiming to capture various aspects of food insecurity is presented here. The choice of the indicators has been informed by expert judgement and the availability of data with sufficient coverage to enable comparisons across regions and over time. Many of these indicators are produced and published elsewhere by FAO and other international organizations. They are reported here in a single database with the aim of building a wide food security information system. More indicators will be added to this set as more data will become available. Indicators are classified along the four dimensions of food security -- availability, access, utilization and stability.