Cereal import dependency ratio (percent) (3-year average) — Value by country
The Suite of Food Security Indicators presents the core set of food security indicators. Following the recommendation of experts gathered in the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) Round Table on hunger measurement, hosted at FAO headquarters in September 2011, an initial set of indicators aiming to capture...
Countries reporting
174
Highest
100 %
United Arab Emirates
Lowest
-1,894 %
Paraguay
Median
42.65 %
Years covered
22
2000–2021
Data points
4,414
What the numbers show
Cereal import dependency ratio (percent) (3-year average) — Value is currently reported for 174 countries. The highest value is 100 % in United Arab Emirates; the lowest is -1,894 % in Paraguay.
The median across all reporting countries is 42.65 %, and the mean is 16.2 %.
Over the past decade 107 countries rose and 62 fell. The largest increase was in Republic of Moldova (up 1,451.3%), and the largest decrease in Poland (down 2,500.0%).
Cereal import dependency ratio (percent) (3-year average) — Value: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Arab Emirates | 100 % | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Antigua and Barbuda | 100 % | 2021 | up 4.5% | flat |
| 1 | Barbados | 100 % | 2021 | up 0.6% | flat |
| 1 | Djibouti | 100 % | 2021 | up 4.6% | flat |
| 1 | Dominica | 100 % | 2007 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Grenada | 100 % | 2021 | up 0.4% | rising |
| 1 | Jordan | 100 % | 2021 | up 3.1% | flat |
| 1 | Libya | 100 % | 2021 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 1 | Saint Lucia | 100 % | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Malta | 100 % | 2021 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 1 | Solomon Islands | 100 % | 2021 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 1 | Trinidad and Tobago | 100 % | 2021 | up 8.5% | flat |
| 1 | Cabo Verde | 100 % | 2021 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 1 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 100 % | 2021 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 1 | Republic of Moldova | 100 % | 2021 | up 1,451.3% | volatile |
| 2 | Melanesia | 96.2 % | 2021 | down 3.8% | flat |
| 3 | Caribbean | 76.5 % | 2021 | up 4.4% | flat |
| 4 | Syrian Arab Republic | 49.8 % | 2021 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 5 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 49.3 % | 2021 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 6 | Timor-Leste | 47.7 % | 2017 | up 211.8% | rising |
| 7 | Côte d'Ivoire | 52.1 % | 2021 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 7 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 40.6 % | 2021 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 8 | Türkiye | 35 % | 2021 | up 114.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 24.8 % | 2021 | up 8.3% | flat |
| 11 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 19 % | 2016 | up 37.7% | falling |
| 13 | Viet Nam | 15.4 % | 2021 | up 184.2% | volatile |
| 14 | Kuwait | 99.4 % | 2021 | up 3.9% | flat |
| 15 | Jamaica | 99.3 % | 2021 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 15 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 11 % | 2021 | down 34.1% | falling |
| 16 | Cyprus | 98.5 % | 2021 | up 25.3% | flat |
| 16 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 98.5 % | 2021 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 16 | United Republic of Tanzania | 1.8 % | 2021 | down 80.0% | volatile |
| 17 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | -0.3 % | 2021 | up 91.7% | volatile |
| 18 | Bahamas | 98.4 % | 2021 | up 4.1% | flat |
| 19 | Vanuatu | 98.2 % | 2021 | unchanged | flat |
| 20 | Maldives | 97.3 % | 2021 | down 2.7% | flat |
| 21 | Montenegro | 96.1 % | 2021 | down 3.1% | flat |
| 22 | Papua New Guinea | 95.2 % | 2021 | down 4.8% | flat |
| 23 | Israel | 93.7 % | 2021 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 24 | Yemen | 93.4 % | 2021 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 25 | Iceland | 93.1 % | 2021 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 26 | Fiji | 92.6 % | 2021 | down 7.4% | flat |
| 27 | Costa Rica | 92.5 % | 2021 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 28 | New Caledonia | 91.7 % | 2021 | down 2.3% | flat |
| 29 | Mauritius | 90.9 % | 2021 | down 9.1% | flat |
| 30 | Gabon | 90.6 % | 2021 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 31 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 90.3 % | 2021 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 32 | Gambia | 89.6 % | 2021 | up 26.4% | rising |
| 33 | Saudi Arabia | 89.3 % | 2021 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 34 | Congo | 88.7 % | 2021 | down 11.3% | flat |
| 35 | Oman | 88.6 % | 2021 | down 8.2% | flat |
| 36 | Tunisia | 87 % | 2021 | up 43.1% | rising |
| 37 | Lebanon | 86.6 % | 2021 | up 3.5% | flat |
| 38 | Sao Tome and Principe | 85.7 % | 2014 | — | falling |
| 39 | Algeria | 83.9 % | 2021 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 40 | Brunei Darussalam | 83.5 % | 2007 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 41 | Haiti | 82.9 % | 2021 | up 46.2% | rising |
| 42 | Botswana | 82.7 % | 2021 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 43 | Portugal | 80.8 % | 2021 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 44 | Namibia | 78.7 % | 2021 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 45 | Republic of Korea | 78.5 % | 2021 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 46 | Norway | 78.3 % | 2021 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 46 | China, Taiwan Province of | 78.3 % | 2021 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 48 | Malaysia | 78.1 % | 2021 | up 6.0% | falling |
| 49 | Japan | 76.8 % | 2007 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 50 | Cuba | 76.6 % | 2014 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 51 | Armenia | 75 % | 2021 | up 59.2% | rising |
| 52 | Liberia | 72.3 % | 2021 | up 13.3% | flat |
| 53 | Belgium | 71.7 % | 2021 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 54 | Lesotho | 68.4 % | 2021 | down 18.4% | rising |
| 55 | Eswatini | 67.5 % | 2021 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 56 | Georgia | 66.1 % | 2021 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 57 | Ireland | 65.8 % | 2021 | up 55.9% | rising |
| 58 | Honduras | 65.7 % | 2021 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 59 | Colombia | 65.3 % | 2021 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 60 | Switzerland | 64.6 % | 2021 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 60 | Morocco | 64.6 % | 2021 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 62 | Dominican Republic | 63 % | 2021 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 62 | Iraq | 63 % | 2021 | up 30.2% | flat |
| 64 | Panama | 61.9 % | 2021 | down 6.1% | flat |
| 65 | Chile | 61.3 % | 2021 | up 52.9% | rising |
| 66 | Mauritania | 55.3 % | 2021 | down 24.8% | falling |
| 67 | Guatemala | 54.7 % | 2021 | up 27.5% | rising |
| 68 | El Salvador | 54.1 % | 2021 | up 31.6% | rising |
| 69 | Peru | 52 % | 2021 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 70 | Guinea-Bissau | 50.7 % | 2021 | up 81.1% | falling |
| 71 | Nicaragua | 50.5 % | 2021 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 72 | Spain | 50.3 % | 2021 | up 54.8% | rising |
| 73 | Kenya | 49.5 % | 2021 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 74 | Tajikistan | 48.4 % | 2021 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 75 | New Zealand | 48.1 % | 2021 | up 29.6% | rising |
| 76 | Mozambique | 47.3 % | 2021 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 77 | Afghanistan | 46.1 % | 2021 | up 68.9% | rising |
| 78 | Senegal | 45.6 % | 2021 | down 24.6% | falling |
| 79 | Egypt | 42.8 % | 2021 | down 5.1% | rising |
| 80 | Italy | 42.5 % | 2021 | up 40.7% | rising |
| 81 | Zimbabwe | 41.5 % | 2021 | down 16.5% | rising |
| 82 | Benin | 39.7 % | 2007 | up 205.4% | rising |
| 83 | Ecuador | 39.6 % | 2021 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 84 | Mongolia | 39.3 % | 2021 | up 35.1% | falling |
| 85 | Luxembourg | 38.7 % | 2021 | up 71.2% | volatile |
| 86 | Mexico | 37.6 % | 2021 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 87 | Slovenia | 36.9 % | 2021 | down 16.3% | falling |
| 88 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 36.6 % | 2021 | down 27.8% | rising |
| 89 | Albania | 36.4 % | 2021 | down 20.2% | falling |
| 90 | Angola | 35.7 % | 2021 | down 43.6% | falling |
| 91 | Rwanda | 35.3 % | 2021 | up 60.5% | rising |
| 92 | Cameroon | 34.6 % | 2021 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 93 | Azerbaijan | 34.1 % | 2021 | down 13.5% | flat |
| 94 | Greece | 34 % | 2021 | up 45.9% | rising |
| 95 | Ghana | 32.1 % | 2021 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 96 | Philippines | 30.7 % | 2021 | up 94.3% | rising |
| 97 | Guinea | 28.5 % | 2021 | up 62.9% | rising |
| 98 | Sierra Leone | 28.2 % | 2021 | up 26.5% | rising |
| 99 | Uzbekistan | 28 % | 2021 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 100 | Kyrgyzstan | 27.4 % | 2021 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 101 | Sri Lanka | 26.4 % | 2021 | up 38.2% | falling |
| 102 | North Macedonia | 25.5 % | 2021 | down 11.1% | rising |
| 103 | Niger | 24.3 % | 2021 | up 80.0% | rising |
| 104 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 23.8 % | 2021 | down 1.2% | volatile |
| 105 | Turkmenistan | 22.4 % | 2021 | up 98.2% | rising |
| 106 | Burkina Faso | 20.5 % | 2021 | up 43.4% | rising |
| 107 | Austria | 20.4 % | 2021 | up 85.5% | volatile |
| 108 | Madagascar | 19.9 % | 2021 | up 70.1% | rising |
| 109 | Central African Republic | 19.6 % | 2007 | up 1.0% | flat |
| 110 | Nepal | 17.3 % | 2021 | up 116.2% | volatile |
| 111 | Nigeria | 16.3 % | 2021 | down 37.5% | rising |
| 112 | Bangladesh | 16 % | 2021 | up 128.6% | rising |
| 113 | Indonesia | 15.7 % | 2021 | up 20.8% | rising |
| 114 | Uganda | 15.3 % | 2021 | up 64.5% | rising |
| 115 | Togo | 13.6 % | 2007 | down 3.5% | falling |
| 116 | Belize | 13.2 % | 2021 | up 24.5% | falling |
| 117 | China | 10 % | 2021 | up 244.8% | volatile |
| 118 | China, mainland | 9.2 % | 2021 | up 441.2% | volatile |
| 119 | Chad | 8.9 % | 2007 | up 78.0% | rising |
| 120 | Ethiopia | 8.6 % | 2021 | up 30.3% | falling |
| 121 | Mali | 6.5 % | 2007 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 122 | Belarus | 3.9 % | 2021 | up 21.9% | volatile |
| 123 | Malawi | 1.9 % | 2021 | up 111.1% | volatile |
| 124 | South Africa | 0.7 % | 2021 | down 94.7% | rising |
| 125 | Germany | 0.4 % | 2021 | up 109.1% | volatile |
| 126 | Finland | -1.2 % | 2021 | up 94.6% | rising |
| 127 | Cambodia | -3.2 % | 2021 | down 45.5% | volatile |
| 128 | Suriname | -4.3 % | 2021 | up 70.1% | volatile |
| 129 | Denmark | -7.1 % | 2021 | down 7.6% | falling |
| 130 | Zambia | -9.7 % | 2021 | up 45.5% | volatile |
| 131 | Pakistan | -9.9 % | 2021 | up 59.1% | falling |
| 132 | India | -12.4 % | 2021 | down 45.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Myanmar | -12.4 % | 2021 | down 853.8% | volatile |
| 134 | Sweden | -13.4 % | 2021 | down 94.2% | rising |
| 135 | Thailand | -18.5 % | 2021 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 136 | Brazil | -30.9 % | 2021 | down 107.4% | volatile |
| 137 | Poland | -31.2 % | 2021 | down 2,500.0% | volatile |
| 138 | Russian Federation | -32.1 % | 2021 | up 2.1% | volatile |
| 139 | Serbia | -41.6 % | 2021 | up 46.4% | falling |
| 140 | Czechia | -49.8 % | 2021 | down 10.2% | falling |
| 141 | Croatia | -50.8 % | 2021 | down 464.4% | volatile |
| 142 | Kazakhstan | -59.4 % | 2021 | down 216.9% | volatile |
| 143 | Uruguay | -60.5 % | 2021 | up 80.4% | volatile |
| 144 | Hungary | -61.4 % | 2021 | up 40.3% | falling |
| 145 | France | -71.7 % | 2021 | up 18.4% | falling |
| 146 | Slovakia | -100.7 % | 2021 | down 266.2% | volatile |
| 147 | Guyana | -105.7 % | 2021 | down 540.6% | volatile |
| 148 | Canada | -116.9 % | 2021 | down 95.2% | falling |
| 149 | Estonia | -119.5 % | 2021 | down 242.4% | volatile |
| 150 | Argentina | -128.2 % | 2021 | up 73.2% | volatile |
| 151 | Romania | -138.1 % | 2021 | down 295.7% | volatile |
| 152 | Latvia | -140.7 % | 2021 | down 89.9% | volatile |
| 153 | Lithuania | -180.4 % | 2021 | down 128.1% | volatile |
| 154 | Australia and New Zealand | -212.6 % | 2021 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 155 | Australia | -241.6 % | 2021 | down 3.6% | falling |
| 156 | Ukraine | -298.4 % | 2021 | down 225.1% | volatile |
| 157 | Bulgaria | -1,016 % | 2021 | down 559.1% | volatile |
| 158 | Paraguay | -1,894 % | 2021 | down 1,994.1% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand 96.3 %
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 67.1 %
- Northern Africa 60.1 %
- Western Asia and Northern Africa 59 %
- Western Asia 58.3 %
- Central America 42.1 %
- Southern Europe 38.8 %
- Middle Africa 34.7 %
- Low-income economies 36.4 %
- Africa 32.5 %
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 30.6 %
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 17.2 %
- Western Africa 28.3 %
- Sub-Saharan Africa 22.7 %
- Asia 11.1 %
- Eastern Africa 18.1 %
- Eastern Asia 12.2 %
- Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia 12.2 %
- South-Eastern Asia 12.1 %
- Northern Europe 11.4 %
- Southern Africa 9.9 %
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 9.8 %
- Lower-middle-income economies 8.1 %
- Upper-middle-income economies 0.9 %
- Western Europe 0.2 %
- World -0.9 %
- Southern Asia -2.2 %
- Central Asia and Southern Asia -2.5 %
- Central Asia -7.8 %
- Latin America and the Caribbean -10.8 %
- High-income economies -15.1 %
- United States of America -20.3 %
- Europe -26.7 %
- Northern America and Europe -27.3 %
- Northern America -28 %
- South America -34.3 %
- Eastern Europe -83.2 %
- Oceania -191.4 %
About this data
The Suite of Food Security Indicators presents the core set of food security indicators. Following the recommendation of experts gathered in the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) Round Table on hunger measurement, hosted at FAO headquarters in September 2011, an initial set of indicators aiming to capture various aspects of food insecurity is presented here. The choice of the indicators has been informed by expert judgement and the availability of data with sufficient coverage to enable comparisons across regions and over time. Many of these indicators are produced and published elsewhere by FAO and other international organizations. They are reported here in a single database with the aim of building a wide food security information system. More indicators will be added to this set as more data will become available. Indicators are classified along the four dimensions of food security -- availability, access, utilization and stability.