Cereals, primary — Yield by country

Crop and livestock statistics are recorded for 278 products, covering the following categories: 1) CROPS PRIMARY: Cereals, Citrus Fruit, Fibre Crops, Fruit, Oil Crops, Oil Crops and Cakes in Oil Equivalent, Pulses, Roots and Tubers, Sugar Crops, Treenuts and Vegetables. Data are expressed in terms of area...

Countries reporting
193
Highest
27,672 kg/ha
Oman
Lowest
40.3 kg/ha
Cabo Verde
Median
3,042 kg/ha
Years covered
64
1961–2024
Data points
12,848

What the numbers show

Cereals, primary — Yield is currently reported for 193 countries. The highest value is 27,672 kg/ha in Oman; the lowest is 40.3 kg/ha in Cabo Verde.

The median across all reporting countries is 3,042 kg/ha, and the mean is 3,715 kg/ha.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 687.

Over the past decade 117 countries rose and 75 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 394.7%), and the largest decrease in French Guiana (down 51.0%).

Cereals, primary — Yield: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Oman 27,672 kg/ha 2024 up 257.0% volatile
2 United Arab Emirates 22,474 kg/ha 2024 up 57.8% volatile
3 Qatar 14,976 kg/ha 2024 up 130.6% volatile
4 Kuwait 14,196 kg/ha 2024 down 35.1% volatile
5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13,344 kg/ha 2024 down 45.5% volatile
6 Mauritius 11,890 kg/ha 2024 up 215.8% volatile
7 New Caledonia 11,650 kg/ha 2024 up 142.7% volatile
8 New Zealand 9,102 kg/ha 2024 up 13.3% rising
9 Belgium-Luxembourg 8,134 kg/ha 1999 up 32.1% rising
10 Bahamas 7,737 kg/ha 2024 up 2.9% volatile
11 Egypt 7,360 kg/ha 2024 up 3.9% rising
12 Ireland 7,325 kg/ha 2024 down 13.5% rising
13 Belgium 6,856 kg/ha 2024 down 27.3% falling
14 Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 6,806 kg/ha 2024 down 25.0% rising
15 Germany 6,790 kg/ha 2024 down 15.6% rising
16 Austria 6,722 kg/ha 2024 down 4.6% rising
17 Chile 6,606 kg/ha 2024 up 7.8% rising
18 Slovenia 6,586 kg/ha 2024 up 1.8% rising
19 Croatia 6,570 kg/ha 2024 up 9.0% rising
20 Guyana 6,563 kg/ha 2024 up 25.9% rising
21 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 6,558 kg/ha 2024 down 14.8% rising
22 Republic of Korea 6,544 kg/ha 2024 down 1.1% rising
23 China, mainland 6,495 kg/ha 2024 up 10.1% rising
24 China 6,494 kg/ha 2024 up 10.1% rising
25 China, Taiwan Province of 6,426 kg/ha 2024 up 2.0% rising
26 France 6,281 kg/ha 2024 down 17.1% rising
27 Japan 6,248 kg/ha 2024 down 1.2% rising
28 Denmark 6,096 kg/ha 2024 down 9.7% rising
29 Viet Nam 6,038 kg/ha 2024 up 8.2% rising
30 Czechia 5,751 kg/ha 2024 down 7.5% rising
31 Hungary 5,630 kg/ha 2024 down 4.5% rising
32 Slovakia 5,560 kg/ha 2024 down 7.9% rising
33 Uzbekistan 5,496 kg/ha 2024 up 14.3% rising
34 Indonesia 5,421 kg/ha 2024 up 6.3% rising
35 Bangladesh 5,408 kg/ha 2024 up 18.6% rising
36 Bosnia and Herzegovina 5,362 kg/ha 2024 up 34.8% rising
37 Portugal 5,309 kg/ha 2024 up 20.2% volatile
38 Sweden 5,242 kg/ha 2024 down 7.2% rising
39 Luxembourg 5,208 kg/ha 2024 down 12.3% flat
40 Serbia 5,172 kg/ha 2024 down 13.2% rising
41 Albania 5,153 kg/ha 2024 up 5.3% rising
42 Ukraine 5,148 kg/ha 2024 up 17.0% rising
43 Saudi Arabia 5,105 kg/ha 2024 down 1.7% volatile
44 Bulgaria 5,103 kg/ha 2024 up 5.0% rising
45 Uruguay 5,058 kg/ha 2024 up 16.2% volatile
46 Brazil 5,003 kg/ha 2024 up 7.8% volatile
47 Italy 4,982 kg/ha 2024 down 12.9% rising
48 Serbia and Montenegro 4,900 kg/ha 2005 up 29.5% rising
49 Malta 4,880 kg/ha 2017 up 15.1% rising
50 Argentina 4,854 kg/ha 2024 up 5.1% rising
51 Poland 4,851 kg/ha 2024 up 13.7% rising
52 Peru 4,851 kg/ha 2024 up 20.8% rising
53 Papua New Guinea 4,787 kg/ha 2024 up 1.3% rising
54 Yugoslav SFR 4,652 kg/ha 1991 up 30.0% rising
55 Switzerland 4,584 kg/ha 2024 down 34.9% rising
56 Dominican Republic 4,455 kg/ha 2024 down 1.8% rising
57 Suriname 4,447 kg/ha 2024 up 0.3% rising
58 Colombia 4,422 kg/ha 2024 up 17.8% rising
59 Lithuania 4,387 kg/ha 2024 up 10.4% rising
60 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 4,314 kg/ha 2024 up 6.8% rising
61 Czechoslovakia 4,245 kg/ha 1992 up 5.3% rising
62 Panama 4,226 kg/ha 2024 up 41.7% rising
63 Norway 4,220 kg/ha 2024 down 3.3% rising
64 Lao People's Democratic Republic 4,196 kg/ha 2024 down 6.9% rising
65 Tajikistan 4,124 kg/ha 2024 up 29.3% rising
66 Sri Lanka 4,068 kg/ha 2024 up 7.1% rising
67 Greece 4,053 kg/ha 2024 down 5.4% rising
68 Canada 4,021 kg/ha 2024 up 10.3% rising
69 Ecuador 4,007 kg/ha 2024 up 24.6% rising
70 Latvia 3,974 kg/ha 2024 up 14.0% rising
71 Philippines 3,833 kg/ha 2024 up 5.4% rising
72 Costa Rica 3,807 kg/ha 2024 down 15.4% rising
73 Spain 3,786 kg/ha 2024 up 16.5% rising
74 Myanmar 3,779 kg/ha 2024 up 2.4% rising
75 Cambodia 3,778 kg/ha 2024 up 22.0% rising
76 Mexico 3,752 kg/ha 2024 up 4.7% rising
77 Puerto Rico 3,747 kg/ha 2024 up 77.6% volatile
78 Estonia 3,733 kg/ha 2024 up 1.7% rising
79 Belize 3,698 kg/ha 2024 up 2.9% rising
80 Melanesia 3,660 kg/ha 2024 up 1.0% rising
81 India 3,632 kg/ha 2024 up 21.5% rising
82 Pakistan 3,621 kg/ha 2024 up 20.6% rising
83 Finland 3,620 kg/ha 2024 down 1.9% rising
84 Paraguay 3,617 kg/ha 2024 up 10.4% rising
85 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 3,610 kg/ha 2024 down 13.1% rising
86 North Macedonia 3,565 kg/ha 2024 down 8.6% rising
87 Bhutan 3,552 kg/ha 2024 up 9.1% rising
88 Malaysia 3,544 kg/ha 2024 down 23.5% rising
89 Romania 3,526 kg/ha 2024 down 13.4% rising
90 Nepal 3,521 kg/ha 2024 up 29.4% rising
91 Kyrgyzstan 3,489 kg/ha 2024 up 53.3% rising
92 Türkiye 3,429 kg/ha 2024 up 21.1% rising
93 Azerbaijan 3,427 kg/ha 2024 up 46.2% rising
94 Belarus 3,395 kg/ha 2024 down 8.8% rising
95 Thailand 3,085 kg/ha 2024 down 1.9% rising
96 Fiji 3,065 kg/ha 2024 down 31.5% rising
97 Russian Federation 3,042 kg/ha 2024 up 24.5% rising
98 El Salvador 2,819 kg/ha 2024 up 13.4% rising
99 Georgia 2,816 kg/ha 2024 up 38.5% rising
100 Barbados 2,793 kg/ha 2024 up 3.5% rising
101 Australia and New Zealand 2,729 kg/ha 2024 up 33.5% rising
102 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2,725 kg/ha 2024 up 32.8% rising
103 Montenegro 2,700 kg/ha 2024 down 21.8% rising
104 Australia 2,690 kg/ha 2024 up 34.5% rising
105 Lebanon 2,661 kg/ha 2024 down 21.4% rising
106 Iraq 2,651 kg/ha 2024 up 25.2% volatile
107 Ghana 2,632 kg/ha 2024 up 54.5% rising
108 Ethiopia 2,632 kg/ha 2024 up 18.1% rising
109 Israel 2,619 kg/ha 2024 down 46.7% rising
110 Côte d'Ivoire 2,542 kg/ha 2024 up 15.2% rising
111 Palestine 2,522 kg/ha 2022 up 28.9% rising
112 Nicaragua 2,515 kg/ha 2023 up 42.7% rising
113 Maldives 2,442 kg/ha 2024 up 5.7% rising
114 Brunei Darussalam 2,418 kg/ha 2024 up 49.7% flat
115 Caribbean 2,408 kg/ha 2024 up 18.3% rising
116 Republic of Moldova 2,406 kg/ha 2024 down 23.9% rising
117 Madagascar 2,393 kg/ha 2024 down 20.5% rising
118 Afghanistan 2,359 kg/ha 2024 up 12.5% rising
119 Zambia 2,318 kg/ha 2024 down 16.5% rising
120 Guatemala 2,238 kg/ha 2024 up 6.9% rising
121 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2,209 kg/ha 2024 up 12.8% rising
122 Timor-Leste 2,112 kg/ha 2024 down 27.7% rising
123 Djibouti 2,041 kg/ha 2024 up 2.7% rising
124 Sao Tome and Principe 2,004 kg/ha 2024 down 3.0% rising
125 Senegal 2,004 kg/ha 2024 up 80.3% rising
126 Guadeloupe 2,000 kg/ha 1977 unchanged falling
126 China, Hong Kong SAR 2,000 kg/ha 1990 down 5.7% rising
128 Iceland 1,972 kg/ha 2024 down 38.1% falling
129 Antigua and Barbuda 1,963 kg/ha 2024 up 24.0% falling
130 Armenia 1,961 kg/ha 2024 down 38.4% rising
131 Cuba 1,946 kg/ha 2024 down 30.9% rising
132 Uganda 1,920 kg/ha 2024 down 7.7% rising
133 Tunisia 1,891 kg/ha 2024 up 4.7% rising
134 Honduras 1,887 kg/ha 2024 up 1.7% rising
135 Malawi 1,878 kg/ha 2024 down 15.4% rising
136 United Republic of Tanzania 1,872 kg/ha 2024 up 12.2% rising
137 Solomon Islands 1,866 kg/ha 2024 down 2.5% falling
138 Rwanda 1,784 kg/ha 2024 up 26.7% rising
139 Cameroon 1,770 kg/ha 2024 up 8.6% rising
140 Comoros 1,718 kg/ha 2024 down 8.5% rising
141 Micronesia 1,716 kg/ha 2024 up 2.7% rising
141 Micronesia (Federated States of) 1,716 kg/ha 2024 up 2.7% rising
143 Turkmenistan 1,712 kg/ha 2024 down 0.6% falling
144 French Guiana 1,698 kg/ha 2006 down 51.0% rising
145 Kenya 1,693 kg/ha 2024 up 6.9% rising
146 Dominica 1,690 kg/ha 2024 up 4.1% rising
147 Mali 1,656 kg/ha 2024 up 6.8% rising
148 Jordan 1,611 kg/ha 2024 up 22.5% rising
149 Syrian Arab Republic 1,607 kg/ha 2024 up 51.1% rising
150 Gabon 1,587 kg/ha 2024 down 0.3% rising
151 Nigeria 1,558 kg/ha 2024 up 0.2% rising
152 Mauritania 1,537 kg/ha 2024 down 8.4% volatile
153 Algeria 1,537 kg/ha 2024 up 12.2% rising
154 Kazakhstan 1,530 kg/ha 2024 up 30.4% rising
155 USSR 1,517 kg/ha 1991 up 26.5% rising
156 Cyprus 1,440 kg/ha 2024 up 394.7% rising
157 Sierra Leone 1,370 kg/ha 2024 down 9.8% rising
158 Benin 1,356 kg/ha 2024 down 7.1% rising
159 Guinea 1,351 kg/ha 2024 up 20.3% falling
160 Jamaica 1,342 kg/ha 2024 up 17.9% falling
161 Guinea-Bissau 1,333 kg/ha 2024 down 4.4% rising
162 Mongolia 1,251 kg/ha 2024 down 25.0% rising
163 Morocco 1,240 kg/ha 2024 down 14.7% rising
164 Burkina Faso 1,198 kg/ha 2024 down 2.3% rising
165 Togo 1,198 kg/ha 2024 up 3.9% rising
166 Burundi 1,163 kg/ha 2024 down 12.7% rising
167 Ethiopia PDR 1,156 kg/ha 1992 down 0.8% rising
168 Liberia 1,112 kg/ha 2024 down 3.9% rising
169 Angola 1,107 kg/ha 2024 up 24.5% rising
170 Eswatini 1,083 kg/ha 2024 down 20.5% rising
171 Zimbabwe 1,070 kg/ha 2024 up 28.7% falling
172 Haiti 1,064 kg/ha 2024 up 18.9% falling
173 Gambia 1,005 kg/ha 2024 up 33.4% falling
174 Grenada 996.6 kg/ha 2024 up 0.3% rising
175 Trinidad and Tobago 975.7 kg/ha 2024 up 11.2% falling
176 South Sudan 945 kg/ha 2024 down 24.6% rising
177 Botswana 900.4 kg/ha 2024 up 195.0% volatile
178 Congo 873.7 kg/ha 2024 up 4.9% flat
179 Democratic Republic of the Congo 871.8 kg/ha 2024 up 13.4% rising
180 Chad 826.9 kg/ha 2024 down 3.4% rising
181 Mozambique 776.4 kg/ha 2024 up 4.2% flat
182 Yemen 768.7 kg/ha 2024 down 20.2% rising
183 Saint Lucia 700 kg/ha 1979 down 21.6% falling
184 Libya 659.7 kg/ha 2024 down 1.1% rising
185 Eritrea 638 kg/ha 2024 down 4.3% rising
186 Vanuatu 636.2 kg/ha 2024 up 3.3% rising
187 Lesotho 603.5 kg/ha 2024 down 11.7% falling
188 Sudan 580.3 kg/ha 2024 down 15.1% falling
189 Niger 577.4 kg/ha 2024 up 29.2% rising
190 Sudan (former) 564.8 kg/ha 2011 down 9.9% falling
191 Somalia 362.1 kg/ha 2024 down 37.9% rising
192 Namibia 184.4 kg/ha 2024 down 18.4% rising
193 Cabo Verde 40.3 kg/ha 2024 up 17.5% volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

About this data

Indicator
Cereals, primary — Yield
Unit
kg/ha
Source
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (FAO)
Coverage
226 places, 12,848 data points, 1961–2024
Last refreshed

Crop and livestock statistics are recorded for 278 products, covering the following categories: 1) CROPS PRIMARY: Cereals, Citrus Fruit, Fibre Crops, Fruit, Oil Crops, Oil Crops and Cakes in Oil Equivalent, Pulses, Roots and Tubers, Sugar Crops, Treenuts and Vegetables. Data are expressed in terms of area harvested, production quantity and yield. Cereals: Area and production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed or silage or used for grazing are therefore excluded. 2) CROPS PROCESSED: Beer of barley; Cotton lint; Cottonseed; Margarine, short; Molasses; Oil, coconut (copra); Oil, cottonseed; Oil, groundnut; Oil, linseed; Oil, maize; Oil, olive, virgin; Oil, palm; Oil, palm kernel; Oil, rapeseed; Oil, safflower; Oil, sesame; Oil, soybean; Oil, sunflower; Palm kernels; Sugar Raw Centrifugal; Wine. 3) LIVE ANIMALS: Animals live n.e.s.; Asses; Beehives; Buffaloes; Camelids, other; Camels; Cattle; Chickens; Ducks; Geese and guinea fowls; Goats; Horses; Mules; Pigeons, other birds; Pigs; Rabbits and hares; Rodents, other; Sheep; Turkeys. 4) LIVESTOCK PRIMARY: Beeswax; Eggs (various types); Hides buffalo, fresh; Hides, cattle, fresh; Honey, natural; Meat (ass, bird nes, buffalo, camel, cattle, chicken, duck, game, goat, goose and guinea fowl, horse, mule, Meat nes, meat other camelids, Meat other rodents, pig, rabbit, sheep, turkey); Milk (buffalo, camel, cow, goat, sheep); Offals, nes; Silk-worm cocoons, reelable; Skins (goat, sheep); Snails, not sea; Wool, greasy. 5) LIVESTOCK PROCESSED: Butter (of milk from sheep, goat, buffalo, cow); Cheese (of milk from goat, buffalo, sheep, cow milk); Cheese of skimmed cow milk; Cream fresh; Ghee (cow and buffalo milk); Lard; Milk (dry buttermilk, skimmed condensed, skimmed cow, skimmed dried, skimmed evaporated, whole condensed, whole dried, whole evaporated); Silk raw; Tallow; Whey (condensed and dry); Yoghurt.