Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol equivalents) — Value by country
The dataset presents average daily per capita macro and micro nutrient availability by country and by FAO/WHO GIFT food groups (that are different from those used for the Food Balance Sheets), expressed in grams/milligrams/micrograms/kcal per capita per day. The population numbers used to calculate these statistics...
What the numbers show
Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol equivalents) — Value is currently reported for 158 countries. The highest value is 35 μg/cap/d in Malawi; the lowest is 0 μg/cap/d in Samoa.
The median across all reporting countries is 2.5 μg/cap/d, and the mean is 5.79 μg/cap/d.
Over the past decade 50 countries rose and 30 fell. The largest increase was in Argentina (up 333.3%), and the largest decrease in Indonesia (down 100.0%).
Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol equivalents): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Malawi | 35 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 1 | Cabo Verde | 13 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 2 | Mexico | 32 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 3 | Zambia | 27 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 4 | Lesotho | 26 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 4 | Timor-Leste | 11 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 21.4% | falling |
| 5 | Bhutan | 25 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | flat |
| 6 | Guatemala | 24 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 4.0% | flat |
| 6 | Paraguay | 24 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 6 | El Salvador | 24 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 7 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 14.3% | falling |
| 8 | Viet Nam | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 8 | Türkiye | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 9 | Honduras | 23 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 10 | Eswatini | 22 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 29.4% | rising |
| 11 | Egypt | 21 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 12 | Uganda | 20 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 13 | Botswana | 19 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 14 | Nicaragua | 18 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 14 | South Africa | 18 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 16 | Burkina Faso | 17 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 5.6% | flat |
| 16 | Kenya | 17 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 26.1% | falling |
| 16 | Namibia | 17 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 41.7% | rising |
| 16 | Zimbabwe | 17 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 15.0% | flat |
| 20 | Mozambique | 16 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 6.7% | falling |
| 21 | Ethiopia | 15 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 22 | Angola | 13 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 30.0% | rising |
| 22 | Argentina | 13 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 333.3% | volatile |
| 22 | Colombia | 13 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 44.4% | rising |
| 25 | Belize | 12 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 26 | Cameroon | 11 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 27 | Morocco | 10 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 27 | Nepal | 10 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 27 | Peru | 10 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 30 | Ghana | 9 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 28.6% | rising |
| 30 | Nigeria | 9 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 30 | Rwanda | 9 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 33 | Brazil | 8 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 33 | Saudi Arabia | 8 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 33 | Slovenia | 8 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 36 | Bulgaria | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.7% | falling |
| 36 | Haiti | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 36 | Kyrgyzstan | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 36 | Panama | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 36 | Romania | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 36 | Senegal | 7 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 75.0% | rising |
| 42 | Cyprus | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Georgia | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 20.0% | flat |
| 42 | Philippines | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 42 | Trinidad and Tobago | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 42 | Yemen | 6 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 47 | Barbados | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 47 | Canada | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 47 | Comoros | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 150.0% | rising |
| 47 | Costa Rica | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 66.7% | rising |
| 47 | Ecuador | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 44.4% | falling |
| 47 | Gabon | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 47 | Malta | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 150.0% | rising |
| 47 | Oman | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 66.7% | rising |
| 47 | Seychelles | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 66.7% | falling |
| 47 | Uruguay | 5 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 57 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 57 | Algeria | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 57 | Estonia | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 57 | Saint Lucia | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 300.0% | volatile |
| 57 | North Macedonia | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 42.9% | falling |
| 57 | Portugal | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 57 | Thailand | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 57 | Ukraine | 4 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 65 | Austria | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 65 | Azerbaijan | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 65 | Chile | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 65 | France | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 65 | Guinea | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 65 | Gambia | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 40.0% | falling |
| 65 | Guinea-Bissau | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 200.0% | rising |
| 65 | Ireland | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 65 | Jamaica | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 65 | Malaysia | 3 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 40.0% | flat |
| 75 | Afghanistan | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Armenia | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Australia | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 75 | Bahrain | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | rising |
| 75 | Bahamas | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | China | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Congo | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Germany | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 33.3% | falling |
| 75 | Denmark | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Finland | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | India | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 75 | Iceland | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Israel | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 75 | Sri Lanka | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Luxembourg | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Madagascar | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 75 | Montenegro | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Mongolia | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Mauritania | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Pakistan | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Qatar | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | rising |
| 75 | Serbia | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 75 | Sao Tome and Principe | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Uzbekistan | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 75 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 75 | China, mainland | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | China, Taiwan Province of | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 2 μg/cap/d | 2023 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 103 | Albania | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | United Arab Emirates | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Belgium | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Djibouti | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 103 | Dominican Republic | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 103 | Spain | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 103 | Fiji | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Greece | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Grenada | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 103 | Guyana | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 103 | Croatia | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 66.7% | falling |
| 103 | Iraq | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Italy | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Jordan | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 103 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Kuwait | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 103 | Lebanon | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Libya | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Lithuania | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Latvia | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Marshall Islands | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | flat |
| 103 | Myanmar | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Mauritius | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 103 | New Caledonia | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Norway | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 103 | Naoero | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | New Zealand | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 103 | French Polynesia | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Sierra Leone | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 103 | Suriname | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Sweden | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Tajikistan | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 66.7% | volatile |
| 103 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | Republic of Korea | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 103 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | China, Macao SAR | 1 μg/cap/d | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 140 | Bangladesh | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Belarus | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Switzerland | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Czechia | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Indonesia | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 140 | Kazakhstan | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 140 | Kiribati | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Maldives | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Niger | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | down 100.0% | falling |
| 140 | Solomon Islands | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Slovakia | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Tonga | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Tuvalu | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 140 | Samoa | 0 μg/cap/d | 2023 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- United Republic of Tanzania 23 μg/cap/d
- Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 17 μg/cap/d
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea 17 μg/cap/d
- Côte d'Ivoire 5 μg/cap/d
- United States of America 2 μg/cap/d
- Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 10 μg/cap/d
- Republic of Moldova 10 μg/cap/d
- Syrian Arab Republic 2 μg/cap/d
- Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1 μg/cap/d
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 1 μg/cap/d
- Micronesia (Federated States of) 0 μg/cap/d
About this data
The dataset presents average daily per capita macro and micro nutrient availability by country and by FAO/WHO GIFT food groups (that are different from those used for the Food Balance Sheets), expressed in grams/milligrams/micrograms/kcal per capita per day. The population numbers used to calculate these statistics can be found in the Supply Utilization Accounts (SUA) dataset of FAOSTAT, as Total Population. Food availability quantities are derived from the SUA dataset. SUAs present a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country's food supply and utilization during a specified reference period. The SUA shows for each food item - i.e. each primary commodity and a number of processed commodities potentially available for human consumption - the sources of supply and its utilization. The total quantity of foodstuffs produced in a country added to the total quantity imported and adjusted to any change in stocks that may have occurred since the beginning of the reference period gives the supply available during that period. On the utilization side a distinction is made between the quantities exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, put to manufacture for food use and non-food uses, losses during storage and transportation, and food supplies available for human consumption. The per capita supply of each such food item available for human consumption is then obtained by dividing the respective quantity by the related data on the population actually partaking of it.