Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol activity equivalents) — Value by country

The dataset presents average daily per capita macro and micro nutrient availability by country and by FAO/WHO GIFT food groups (that are different from those used for the Food Balance Sheets), expressed in grams/milligrams/micrograms/kcal per capita per day. The population numbers used to calculate these statistics...

Countries reporting
148
Highest
19 μg/cap/d
Malawi
Lowest
0 μg/cap/d
China, Hong Kong SAR
Median
2 μg/cap/d
Years covered
14
2010–2023
Data points
2,425

What the numbers show

Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol activity equivalents) — Value is currently reported for 148 countries. The highest value is 19 μg/cap/d in Malawi; the lowest is 0 μg/cap/d in China, Hong Kong SAR.

The median across all reporting countries is 2 μg/cap/d, and the mean is 3.39 μg/cap/d.

Over the past decade 32 countries rose and 36 fell. The largest increase was in Argentina (up 450.0%), and the largest decrease in Antigua and Barbuda (down 100.0%).

Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol activity): full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Malawi 19 μg/cap/d 2023 down 9.5% falling
1 Cabo Verde 7 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
2 Mexico 17 μg/cap/d 2023 up 6.2% rising
3 Zambia 15 μg/cap/d 2023 down 16.7% falling
4 Lesotho 14 μg/cap/d 2023 down 36.4% falling
5 Bhutan 13 μg/cap/d 2023 flat
5 Guatemala 13 μg/cap/d 2023 down 7.1% flat
5 Paraguay 13 μg/cap/d 2023 up 18.2% rising
5 El Salvador 13 μg/cap/d 2023 up 18.2% rising
5 Timor-Leste 6 μg/cap/d 2023 down 14.3% falling
7 Democratic Republic of the Congo 3 μg/cap/d 2023 down 25.0% falling
8 Viet Nam 2 μg/cap/d 2023 up 100.0% rising
8 Türkiye 2 μg/cap/d 2023 down 33.3% falling
9 Honduras 12 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
9 Eswatini 12 μg/cap/d 2023 up 33.3% rising
11 Argentina 11 μg/cap/d 2023 up 450.0% volatile
11 Egypt 11 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
11 Uganda 11 μg/cap/d 2023 up 37.5% rising
14 Botswana 10 μg/cap/d 2023 up 11.1% rising
14 Kenya 10 μg/cap/d 2023 down 23.1% falling
14 Nicaragua 10 μg/cap/d 2023 down 9.1% falling
14 South Africa 10 μg/cap/d 2023 down 23.1% falling
18 Burkina Faso 9 μg/cap/d 2023 down 10.0% flat
18 Mozambique 9 μg/cap/d 2023 up 12.5% falling
18 Namibia 9 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
18 Zimbabwe 9 μg/cap/d 2023 down 18.2% flat
22 Ethiopia 8 μg/cap/d 2023 down 11.1% flat
23 Angola 7 μg/cap/d 2023 up 16.7% rising
23 Colombia 7 μg/cap/d 2023 up 40.0% rising
23 Peru 7 μg/cap/d 2023 up 16.7% rising
26 Belize 6 μg/cap/d 2023 up 20.0% rising
26 Cameroon 6 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
26 Morocco 6 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
29 Ghana 5 μg/cap/d 2023 up 25.0% rising
29 Nigeria 5 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
29 Nepal 5 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
29 Rwanda 5 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
29 Slovenia 5 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
34 Bulgaria 4 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
34 Brazil 4 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
34 Cyprus 4 μg/cap/d 2023 up 33.3% rising
34 Haiti 4 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
34 Kyrgyzstan 4 μg/cap/d 2023 up 33.3% rising
34 Panama 4 μg/cap/d 2023 up 33.3% rising
34 Romania 4 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
34 Saudi Arabia 4 μg/cap/d 2023 up 33.3% rising
34 Senegal 4 μg/cap/d 2023 up 100.0% rising
43 Barbados 3 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
43 Canada 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
43 Comoros 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 200.0% volatile
43 Costa Rica 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
43 Gabon 3 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
43 Georgia 3 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
43 North Macedonia 3 μg/cap/d 2023 down 25.0% falling
43 Malta 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 200.0% volatile
43 Oman 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
43 Philippines 3 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
43 Seychelles 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% falling
43 Trinidad and Tobago 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
43 Ukraine 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% volatile
43 Uruguay 3 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
43 Yemen 3 μg/cap/d 2023 up 50.0% rising
58 Austria 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
58 Azerbaijan 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
58 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
58 Chile 2 μg/cap/d 2023 down 33.3% falling
58 Algeria 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
58 Ecuador 2 μg/cap/d 2023 down 60.0% falling
58 Estonia 2 μg/cap/d 2023 up 100.0% rising
58 France 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
58 Guinea 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
58 Ireland 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
58 Jamaica 2 μg/cap/d 2023 up 100.0% rising
58 Saint Lucia 2 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
58 Mongolia 2 μg/cap/d 2023 up 100.0% rising
58 Portugal 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
58 Thailand 2 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Afghanistan 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Albania 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
73 United Arab Emirates 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Armenia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Australia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Bahrain 1 μg/cap/d 2023 rising
73 Bahamas 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
73 China 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Congo 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Germany 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 Denmark 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Finland 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Fiji 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
73 Gambia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 66.7% falling
73 Guinea-Bissau 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Grenada 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
73 Croatia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 India 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Iceland 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Israel 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
73 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Kuwait 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Lebanon 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Libya 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
73 Sri Lanka 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged rising
73 Lithuania 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Luxembourg 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
73 Madagascar 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 Montenegro 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Mauritania 1 μg/cap/d 2023 rising
73 Mauritius 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged volatile
73 Malaysia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 66.7% falling
73 Norway 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged volatile
73 New Zealand 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Pakistan 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Qatar 1 μg/cap/d 2023 flat
73 Serbia 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 Sao Tome and Principe 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged falling
73 Sweden 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 Tajikistan 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 Uzbekistan 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 μg/cap/d 2023 down 50.0% falling
73 Republic of Korea 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
73 China, mainland 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 China, Taiwan Province of 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1 μg/cap/d 2023 unchanged flat
73 China, Macao SAR 1 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Antigua and Barbuda 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Belgium 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Belarus 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Czechia 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Djibouti 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Dominican Republic 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Greece 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Guyana 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Indonesia 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Iraq 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Italy 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Kiribati 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Latvia 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Myanmar 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 New Caledonia 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Niger 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Naoero 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 French Polynesia 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Sierra Leone 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% volatile
121 Suriname 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Tonga 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 Samoa 0 μg/cap/d 2023 volatile
121 China, Hong Kong SAR 0 μg/cap/d 2023 down 100.0% falling

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol activity) by country. Statizoid, drawing on Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 03 September 2026, from https://agriculture.statizoid.com/stat/cereals-and-their-products-vitamin-a-supply-retinol-activity-equivalents-value/

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About this data

Indicator
Cereals and their products — Vitamin A supply (retinol activity equivalents) — Value
Unit
μg/cap/d
Source
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (FAO)
Coverage
179 places, 2,425 data points, 2010–2023
Last refreshed

The dataset presents average daily per capita macro and micro nutrient availability by country and by FAO/WHO GIFT food groups (that are different from those used for the Food Balance Sheets), expressed in grams/milligrams/micrograms/kcal per capita per day. The population numbers used to calculate these statistics can be found in the Supply Utilization Accounts (SUA) dataset of FAOSTAT, as Total Population. Food availability quantities are derived from the SUA dataset. SUAs present a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country's food supply and utilization during a specified reference period. The SUA shows for each food item - i.e. each primary commodity and a number of processed commodities potentially available for human consumption - the sources of supply and its utilization. The total quantity of foodstuffs produced in a country added to the total quantity imported and adjusted to any change in stocks that may have occurred since the beginning of the reference period gives the supply available during that period. On the utilization side a distinction is made between the quantities exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, put to manufacture for food use and non-food uses, losses during storage and transportation, and food supplies available for human consumption. The per capita supply of each such food item available for human consumption is then obtained by dividing the respective quantity by the related data on the population actually partaking of it.