Cereal yield (kg per hectare) by country
Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and...
Countries reporting
178
Highest
29,147 kg per hectare
Oman
Lowest
40.3 kg per hectare
Cape Verde
Median
3,119 kg per hectare
Years covered
64
1961–2024
Data points
13,351
What the numbers show
Cereal yield (kg per hectare) is currently reported for 178 countries. The highest value is 29,147 kg per hectare in Oman; the lowest is 40.3 kg per hectare in Cape Verde.
The median across all reporting countries is 3,119 kg per hectare, and the mean is 3,769 kg per hectare.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 723.
Over the past decade 108 countries rose and 70 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 394.7%), and the largest decrease in Somalia (down 47.8%).
Cereal yield: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oman | 29,147 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 222.2% | volatile |
| 2 | United Arab Emirates | 23,306 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 36.6% | volatile |
| 3 | Qatar | 18,275 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 219.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Kuwait | 14,957 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 5 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 13,344 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 45.5% | volatile |
| 6 | Mauritius | 11,643 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 261.7% | volatile |
| 7 | New Caledonia | 9,790 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 143.6% | volatile |
| 8 | New Zealand | 9,102 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 9 | Belgium | 8,486 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 7.9% | flat |
| 10 | United States | 8,414 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 11 | Bahamas | 7,737 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Egypt | 7,402 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 14 | United Kingdom | 7,138 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 15 | Germany | 7,007 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 16 | Netherlands | 6,806 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 25.0% | rising |
| 17 | Austria | 6,722 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 18 | South Korea | 6,615 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 19 | Chile | 6,606 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 20 | Slovenia | 6,586 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 21 | China | 6,418 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 22 | France | 6,281 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 17.1% | rising |
| 23 | Japan | 6,245 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 24 | Serbia | 6,106 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 25 | Denmark | 6,096 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 26 | Czechia | 6,070 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 27 | Guyana | 6,028 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 28 | Vietnam | 5,995 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 29 | Croatia | 5,914 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 30 | Indonesia | 5,829 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 31 | Switzerland | 5,706 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.0% | rising |
| 32 | Hungary | 5,630 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 33 | Slovakia | 5,560 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.9% | rising |
| 35 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5,530 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 37.3% | rising |
| 36 | Bangladesh | 5,408 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 37 | Uzbekistan | 5,344 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 38 | Portugal | 5,309 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.2% | volatile |
| 39 | Bulgaria | 5,224 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 40 | Albania | 5,170 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 41 | Ukraine | 5,148 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 17.0% | rising |
| 42 | Saudi Arabia | 5,122 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | volatile |
| 43 | Italy | 5,059 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 44 | Uruguay | 5,058 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 45 | Brazil | 5,003 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 7.8% | volatile |
| 46 | Poland | 4,895 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 28.7% | rising |
| 48 | Argentina | 4,854 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 49 | Peru | 4,851 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.8% | rising |
| 50 | Papua New Guinea | 4,787 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 51 | South Africa | 4,562 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 6.9% | volatile |
| 52 | Paraguay | 4,482 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 53 | Sweden | 4,456 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 13.0% | rising |
| 54 | Dominican Republic | 4,455 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 55 | Colombia | 4,422 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 17.8% | rising |
| 56 | Mexico | 4,262 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 25.8% | rising |
| 57 | Panama | 4,226 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 41.7% | rising |
| 58 | Norway | 4,220 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 59 | Laos | 4,196 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 60 | Lithuania | 4,187 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 61 | Tajikistan | 4,124 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 29.3% | rising |
| 62 | Fiji | 4,109 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 37.0% | rising |
| 63 | Venezuela | 4,080 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 64 | Suriname | 4,079 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.3% | rising |
| 65 | Greece | 4,053 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 66 | Romania | 4,021 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 67 | Ecuador | 4,007 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 68 | Philippines | 3,869 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 69 | Belize | 3,857 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 70 | Costa Rica | 3,807 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 15.4% | rising |
| 71 | Sri Lanka | 3,804 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 72 | Spain | 3,786 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 73 | Myanmar | 3,779 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 74 | Cambodia | 3,722 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 75 | Canada | 3,695 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 76 | Pakistan | 3,634 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 77 | India | 3,632 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 21.5% | rising |
| 78 | Puerto Rico | 3,612 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 25.1% | volatile |
| 79 | North Korea | 3,610 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 13.1% | rising |
| 80 | North Macedonia | 3,565 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 81 | Latvia | 3,558 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 82 | Bhutan | 3,552 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 83 | Malaysia | 3,524 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 84 | Moldova | 3,434 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 85 | Turkey | 3,429 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 86 | Azerbaijan | 3,427 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 46.2% | rising |
| 87 | Estonia | 3,410 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 88 | Belarus | 3,395 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 89 | Nepal | 3,344 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 24.8% | rising |
| 90 | Montenegro | 3,315 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 12.1% | rising |
| 91 | Finland | 3,310 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 92 | Russia | 3,167 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 41.3% | rising |
| 93 | Thailand | 3,072 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 94 | El Salvador | 2,819 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 95 | Kyrgyzstan | 2,799 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 96 | Barbados | 2,793 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 97 | Iraq | 2,749 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 19.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Australia | 2,690 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 99 | Ghana | 2,688 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 59.1% | rising |
| 100 | Ethiopia | 2,632 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 101 | Georgia | 2,568 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 102 | Israel | 2,551 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 38.9% | rising |
| 103 | Nicaragua | 2,515 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 42.7% | rising |
| 104 | Brunei | 2,467 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 68.8% | falling |
| 105 | Palestine | 2,465 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 106 | Maldives | 2,442 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 107 | Iceland | 2,430 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 108 | Madagascar | 2,426 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 24.3% | rising |
| 109 | Iran | 2,420 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 31.0% | rising |
| 110 | Lebanon | 2,415 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 19.0% | rising |
| 111 | Cote d'Ivoire | 2,398 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 112 | Afghanistan | 2,359 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 113 | Zambia | 2,344 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 114 | Bolivia | 2,209 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 115 | Senegal | 2,192 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 95.0% | rising |
| 116 | East Timor | 2,129 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 19.8% | rising |
| 117 | Cuba | 2,070 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 28.7% | rising |
| 118 | Hong Kong | 2,059 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 119 | Djibouti | 2,041 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 120 | Sao Tome and Principe | 2,004 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 121 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1,963 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 24.0% | falling |
| 122 | Armenia | 1,961 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 38.4% | rising |
| 122 | Tanzania | 1,961 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 124 | Uganda | 1,920 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 125 | Solomon Islands | 1,900 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 6.8% | flat |
| 126 | Tunisia | 1,891 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 127 | Honduras | 1,887 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 128 | Malawi | 1,857 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 129 | Turkmenistan | 1,834 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 11.6% | falling |
| 130 | Guatemala | 1,822 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 131 | Rwanda | 1,784 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 26.7% | rising |
| 132 | Cameroon | 1,770 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 133 | Kenya | 1,758 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 134 | Comoros | 1,734 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 135 | Micronesia (country) | 1,716 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 136 | Dominica | 1,682 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 137 | Jordan | 1,611 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 22.5% | rising |
| 138 | Syria | 1,607 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 51.1% | rising |
| 139 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1,600 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.6% | falling |
| 140 | Mali | 1,588 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 141 | Gabon | 1,587 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 142 | Nigeria | 1,558 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 143 | Mauritania | 1,537 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 144 | Algeria | 1,537 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 145 | Kazakhstan | 1,530 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 146 | Sierra Leone | 1,470 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 17.3% | rising |
| 147 | Cyprus | 1,440 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 394.7% | rising |
| 148 | Benin | 1,356 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.1% | rising |
| 149 | Guinea | 1,351 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.3% | falling |
| 150 | Guinea-Bissau | 1,333 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 151 | Mongolia | 1,296 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 152 | Morocco | 1,240 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 14.7% | rising |
| 153 | Eswatini | 1,228 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 154 | Burkina Faso | 1,198 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 155 | Togo | 1,173 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 156 | Burundi | 1,163 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 157 | Jamaica | 1,140 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 158 | Liberia | 1,068 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 14.6% | rising |
| 159 | Haiti | 1,063 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 0.3% | falling |
| 160 | Angola | 1,062 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 161 | Grenada | 996.6 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 162 | South Sudan | 983.6 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 163 | Botswana | 900.4 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 195.0% | volatile |
| 164 | Central African Republic | 878.1 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 165 | Congo | 877.7 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.6% | flat |
| 166 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 871.8 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 167 | Chad | 826.9 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 168 | Lesotho | 804.1 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.6% | falling |
| 169 | Yemen | 801.1 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 20.5% | rising |
| 170 | Gambia | 800.7 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 171 | Mozambique | 776.4 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 172 | Zimbabwe | 743.9 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 11.3% | falling |
| 173 | Saint Lucia | 700 kg per hectare | 1979 | down 21.6% | falling |
| 174 | Libya | 659.7 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 175 | Eritrea | 638 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.3% | rising |
| 176 | Vanuatu | 636.2 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 177 | Sudan | 580.3 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 178 | Niger | 577.4 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 29.2% | rising |
| 179 | Somalia | 503.5 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 47.8% | rising |
| 180 | Namibia | 451.2 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 1.6% | rising |
| 181 | Cape Verde | 40.3 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 17.5% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- North America 8,414 kg per hectare
- High income 6,563 kg per hectare
- Post-demographic dividend 6,371 kg per hectare
- OECD members 6,225 kg per hectare
- Central Europe and the Baltics 5,647 kg per hectare
- European Union 5,441 kg per hectare
- Euro area 5,368 kg per hectare
- Latin America & Caribbean 4,828 kg per hectare
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 4,828 kg per hectare
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 4,812 kg per hectare
- Upper middle income 4,023 kg per hectare
- Caribbean Small States 4,009 kg per hectare
About this data
Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.