Cereal yield vs. GDP per capita by country
Average cereal yield, measured in tonnes per hectare versus gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.
Countries reporting
177
Highest
29.15 kg per hectare
Oman
Lowest
0.4512 kg per hectare
Namibia
Median
3.17 kg per hectare
Years covered
64
1961–2024
Data points
10,279
What the numbers show
Cereal yield vs. GDP per capita is currently reported for 177 countries. The highest value is 29.15 kg per hectare in Oman; the lowest is 0.4512 kg per hectare in Namibia.
The median across all reporting countries is 3.17 kg per hectare, and the mean is 3.79 kg per hectare.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 65.
Over the past decade 107 countries rose and 70 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 394.7%), and the largest decrease in Somalia (down 47.8%).
Cereal yield vs. GDP per capita: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oman | 29.15 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 222.2% | volatile |
| 2 | United Arab Emirates | 23.31 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 36.6% | volatile |
| 3 | Qatar | 18.27 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 219.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Kuwait | 14.96 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 5 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 13.34 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 45.5% | volatile |
| 6 | Mauritius | 11.64 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 261.7% | volatile |
| 7 | New Caledonia | 9.79 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 143.6% | volatile |
| 8 | New Zealand | 9.1 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 9 | Belgium | 8.49 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 7.9% | flat |
| 10 | United States | 8.41 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 11 | Bahamas | 7.74 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Egypt | 7.4 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 14 | United Kingdom | 7.14 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 15 | Germany | 7.01 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 16 | Netherlands | 6.81 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 25.0% | rising |
| 17 | Austria | 6.72 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 18 | South Korea | 6.62 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 19 | Chile | 6.61 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 20 | Slovenia | 6.59 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 21 | China | 6.42 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 22 | France | 6.28 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 17.1% | rising |
| 23 | Japan | 6.25 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 24 | Serbia | 6.11 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 25 | Denmark | 6.1 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 26 | Czechia | 6.07 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 27 | Guyana | 6.03 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 28 | Vietnam | 6 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 29 | Croatia | 5.91 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 30 | Indonesia | 5.83 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 31 | Switzerland | 5.71 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.0% | rising |
| 32 | Hungary | 5.63 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 33 | Slovakia | 5.56 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.9% | rising |
| 35 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.53 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 37.3% | rising |
| 36 | Bangladesh | 5.41 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 37 | Uzbekistan | 5.34 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 38 | Portugal | 5.31 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.2% | volatile |
| 39 | Bulgaria | 5.22 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 40 | Albania | 5.17 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 41 | Ukraine | 5.15 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 17.0% | rising |
| 42 | Saudi Arabia | 5.12 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | volatile |
| 43 | Italy | 5.06 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 44 | Uruguay | 5.06 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 45 | Brazil | 5 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 7.8% | volatile |
| 46 | Poland | 4.89 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 28.7% | rising |
| 48 | Argentina | 4.85 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 49 | Peru | 4.85 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.8% | rising |
| 50 | Papua New Guinea | 4.79 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 51 | South Africa | 4.56 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 6.9% | volatile |
| 52 | Paraguay | 4.48 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 53 | Sweden | 4.46 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 13.0% | rising |
| 54 | Dominican Republic | 4.46 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 55 | Colombia | 4.42 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 17.8% | rising |
| 56 | Mexico | 4.26 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 25.8% | rising |
| 57 | Panama | 4.23 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 41.7% | rising |
| 58 | Norway | 4.22 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 59 | Laos | 4.2 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 60 | Lithuania | 4.19 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 61 | Tajikistan | 4.12 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 29.3% | rising |
| 62 | Fiji | 4.11 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 37.0% | rising |
| 63 | Venezuela | 4.08 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 64 | Suriname | 4.08 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.3% | rising |
| 65 | Greece | 4.05 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 66 | Romania | 4.02 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 67 | Ecuador | 4.01 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 68 | Philippines | 3.87 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 69 | Belize | 3.86 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 70 | Costa Rica | 3.81 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 15.4% | rising |
| 71 | Sri Lanka | 3.8 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 72 | Spain | 3.79 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 73 | Myanmar | 3.78 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 74 | Cambodia | 3.72 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 75 | Canada | 3.69 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 76 | Pakistan | 3.63 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 77 | India | 3.63 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 21.5% | rising |
| 78 | Puerto Rico | 3.61 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 25.1% | volatile |
| 79 | North Korea | 3.61 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 13.1% | rising |
| 80 | North Macedonia | 3.57 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 81 | Latvia | 3.56 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 82 | Bhutan | 3.55 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 83 | Malaysia | 3.52 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 84 | Moldova | 3.43 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 85 | Turkey | 3.43 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 86 | Azerbaijan | 3.43 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 46.2% | rising |
| 87 | Estonia | 3.41 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 88 | Belarus | 3.39 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 89 | Nepal | 3.34 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 24.8% | rising |
| 90 | Montenegro | 3.31 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 12.1% | rising |
| 91 | Finland | 3.31 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 92 | Russia | 3.17 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 41.3% | rising |
| 93 | Thailand | 3.07 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 94 | El Salvador | 2.82 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 95 | Kyrgyzstan | 2.8 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 96 | Barbados | 2.79 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 97 | Iraq | 2.75 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 19.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Australia | 2.69 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 99 | Ghana | 2.69 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 59.1% | rising |
| 100 | Ethiopia | 2.63 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 101 | Georgia | 2.57 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 102 | Israel | 2.55 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 38.9% | rising |
| 103 | Nicaragua | 2.52 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 42.7% | rising |
| 104 | Brunei | 2.47 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 68.8% | falling |
| 105 | Palestine | 2.46 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 106 | Maldives | 2.44 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 107 | Iceland | 2.43 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 108 | Madagascar | 2.43 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 24.3% | rising |
| 109 | Iran | 2.42 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 31.0% | rising |
| 110 | Lebanon | 2.42 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 19.0% | rising |
| 111 | Cote d'Ivoire | 2.4 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 112 | Afghanistan | 2.36 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 113 | Zambia | 2.34 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 114 | Bolivia | 2.21 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 115 | Senegal | 2.19 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 95.0% | rising |
| 116 | East Timor | 2.13 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 19.8% | rising |
| 117 | Cuba | 2.07 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 28.7% | rising |
| 118 | Hong Kong | 2.06 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 119 | Djibouti | 2.04 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 120 | Sao Tome and Principe | 2 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 121 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.96 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 24.0% | falling |
| 122 | Armenia | 1.96 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 38.4% | rising |
| 122 | Tanzania | 1.96 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 124 | Uganda | 1.92 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 125 | Solomon Islands | 1.9 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 6.8% | flat |
| 126 | Tunisia | 1.89 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 127 | Honduras | 1.89 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 128 | Malawi | 1.86 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 129 | Turkmenistan | 1.83 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 11.6% | falling |
| 130 | Guatemala | 1.82 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 131 | Rwanda | 1.78 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 26.7% | rising |
| 132 | Cameroon | 1.77 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 133 | Kenya | 1.76 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 134 | Comoros | 1.73 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 135 | Micronesia (country) | 1.72 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 136 | Dominica | 1.68 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 137 | Jordan | 1.61 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 22.5% | rising |
| 138 | Syria | 1.61 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 51.1% | rising |
| 139 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1.6 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 0.6% | falling |
| 140 | Mali | 1.59 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 141 | Gabon | 1.59 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 142 | Nigeria | 1.56 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 143 | Mauritania | 1.54 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 144 | Algeria | 1.54 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 12.2% | rising |
| 145 | Kazakhstan | 1.53 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 146 | Sierra Leone | 1.47 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 17.3% | rising |
| 147 | Cyprus | 1.44 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 394.7% | rising |
| 148 | Benin | 1.36 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 7.1% | rising |
| 149 | Guinea | 1.35 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 20.3% | falling |
| 150 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.33 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 151 | Mongolia | 1.3 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 152 | Morocco | 1.24 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 14.7% | rising |
| 153 | Eswatini | 1.23 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 154 | Burkina Faso | 1.2 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 155 | Togo | 1.17 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 156 | Burundi | 1.16 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 157 | Jamaica | 1.14 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 158 | Liberia | 1.07 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 14.6% | rising |
| 159 | Haiti | 1.06 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 0.3% | falling |
| 160 | Angola | 1.06 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 161 | Grenada | 0.9966 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 162 | South Sudan | 0.9836 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 163 | Botswana | 0.9004 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 195.0% | volatile |
| 164 | Central African Republic | 0.8781 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 165 | Congo | 0.8777 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 5.6% | flat |
| 166 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.8718 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 167 | Chad | 0.8269 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 168 | Lesotho | 0.8041 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 4.6% | falling |
| 169 | Yemen | 0.8011 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 20.5% | rising |
| 170 | Gambia | 0.8007 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 171 | Mozambique | 0.7764 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 172 | Zimbabwe | 0.7439 kg per hectare | 2023 | up 11.3% | falling |
| 173 | Saint Lucia | 0.7 kg per hectare | 1979 | down 21.6% | falling |
| 174 | Libya | 0.6597 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 175 | Eritrea | 0.638 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 4.3% | rising |
| 176 | Vanuatu | 0.6362 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 177 | Sudan | 0.5803 kg per hectare | 2024 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 178 | Niger | 0.5774 kg per hectare | 2024 | up 29.2% | rising |
| 179 | Somalia | 0.5035 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 47.8% | rising |
| 180 | Namibia | 0.4512 kg per hectare | 2023 | down 1.6% | rising |
About this data
Average cereal yield, measured in tonnes per hectare versus gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.