Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) by country
Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from...
Countries reporting
179
Highest
99.5%
Somalia
Lowest
0.0%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Median
60.7%
Years covered
58
1965–2022
Data points
6,338
What the numbers show
Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) is currently reported for 179 countries. The highest value is 99.5% in Somalia; the lowest is 0.0% in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
The median across all reporting countries is 60.7%, and the mean is 52.7%.
Over the past decade 57 countries rose and 50 fell. The largest increase was in Maldives (up 732.5%), and the largest decrease in Singapore (down 100.0%).
Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Somalia | 99.5% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 2 | Afghanistan | 98.2% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 3 | Nepal | 98.1% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 4 | Mali | 97.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 5 | Sudan | 96.2% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 6 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 95.9% | 2022 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 7 | Madagascar | 95.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 8 | Viet Nam | 94.8% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 9 | Eritrea | 94.5% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 10 | Guyana | 94.3% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 11 | Eswatini | 94.2% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 12 | Bhutan | 94.1% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 13 | Cambodia | 94.0% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 14 | Pakistan | 94.0% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 15 | Turkmenistan | 92.7% | 2022 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 16 | Kyrgyzstan | 92.7% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 17 | Azerbaijan | 92.2% | 2022 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 18 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 92.2% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 19 | Uzbekistan | 92.1% | 2022 | up 1.0% | flat |
| 20 | Ethiopia | 91.8% | 2022 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 21 | Timor-Leste | 91.4% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 22 | Senegal | 91.3% | 2022 | up 1.2% | flat |
| 23 | Niger | 91.0% | 2022 | down 3.1% | rising |
| 24 | Chile | 90.9% | 2022 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 25 | Yemen | 90.7% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 26 | Mauritania | 90.6% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 27 | India | 90.4% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 28 | Thailand | 90.4% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 29 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 89.4% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 30 | Myanmar | 88.6% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 31 | Bangladesh | 87.8% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 32 | Morocco | 87.8% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 33 | Syrian Arab Republic | 87.5% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 34 | Sri Lanka | 87.4% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 35 | Zimbabwe | 87.2% | 2022 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 36 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 87.1% | 2022 | down 3.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Türkiye | 86.9% | 2022 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 38 | Malawi | 85.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 39 | Indonesia | 85.2% | 2022 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 40 | Nicaragua | 85.0% | 2022 | up 6.7% | flat |
| 41 | Haiti | 83.4% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 42 | Dominican Republic | 83.3% | 2022 | up 2.3% | flat |
| 43 | Libya | 83.2% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 44 | Colombia | 82.2% | 2022 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 45 | Saudi Arabia | 81.6% | 2022 | down 2.7% | falling |
| 46 | Peru | 81.5% | 2022 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 47 | Ecuador | 81.4% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 48 | Oman | 80.8% | 2022 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 49 | Greece | 80.5% | 2022 | down 3.5% | rising |
| 50 | Kenya | 80.2% | 2022 | up 35.3% | flat |
| 51 | Burundi | 79.3% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 52 | Egypt | 79.2% | 2022 | down 6.9% | falling |
| 53 | Paraguay | 78.6% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 54 | Armenia | 77.5% | 2022 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 55 | Uruguay | 77.2% | 2022 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 56 | Chad | 76.4% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 57 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 76.3% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 58 | Mexico | 76.3% | 2022 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 59 | Guinea-Bissau | 75.8% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 60 | Tunisia | 75.5% | 2022 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 61 | Philippines | 74.6% | 2022 | down 7.4% | falling |
| 62 | Tajikistan | 74.5% | 2022 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 63 | Argentina | 73.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 64 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 73.9% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 65 | Iraq | 73.5% | 2022 | down 17.2% | falling |
| 66 | Honduras | 73.3% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 67 | Zambia | 73.3% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 68 | Ghana | 73.1% | 2022 | down 0.5% | rising |
| 69 | Mozambique | 73.0% | 2022 | down 0.1% | falling |
| 70 | El Salvador | 72.8% | 2022 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 71 | Namibia | 71.5% | 2022 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 72 | Albania | 70.9% | 2022 | up 33.0% | flat |
| 73 | Saint Lucia | 70.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 74 | Suriname | 70.0% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 75 | Belize | 67.7% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 76 | Cameroon | 67.7% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 77 | Barbados | 67.7% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 78 | Algeria | 67.4% | 2022 | up 13.8% | falling |
| 79 | Guinea | 67.4% | 2022 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 80 | Australia | 66.9% | 2022 | up 11.8% | falling |
| 81 | Japan | 66.7% | 2022 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 82 | Spain | 65.3% | 2022 | down 6.0% | flat |
| 83 | New Zealand | 64.9% | 2022 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 84 | Cuba | 64.9% | 2022 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 85 | Sao Tome and Principe | 62.6% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 86 | Kuwait | 62.3% | 2022 | up 8.0% | rising |
| 87 | China | 62.1% | 2022 | down 3.4% | falling |
| 88 | Cyprus | 61.2% | 2022 | down 9.0% | falling |
| 89 | Brazil | 60.8% | 2022 | up 6.1% | flat |
| 90 | Costa Rica | 60.7% | 2022 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 91 | Rwanda | 60.1% | 2022 | down 3.4% | falling |
| 92 | South Africa | 59.4% | 2022 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 93 | Korea | 58.9% | 2022 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 94 | Fiji | 58.9% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 95 | Kazakhstan | 56.7% | 2022 | down 2.8% | falling |
| 96 | Guatemala | 56.7% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 97 | Portugal | 55.4% | 2022 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 98 | Mongolia | 54.3% | 2022 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 99 | Denmark | 54.2% | 2022 | up 108.2% | rising |
| 100 | Jordan | 51.6% | 2022 | down 5.1% | falling |
| 101 | Côte d'Ivoire | 51.6% | 2022 | up 7.7% | falling |
| 102 | Burkina Faso | 51.4% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 103 | United Arab Emirates | 51.2% | 2022 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 104 | Italy | 50.2% | 2022 | up 5.1% | falling |
| 105 | Palestine, State of | 49.2% | 2021 | up 8.9% | falling |
| 106 | Israel | 48.4% | 2021 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 107 | Mauritius | 47.9% | 2022 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 108 | Comoros | 47.0% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 109 | Malaysia | 45.6% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 110 | Nigeria | 44.2% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 111 | Uganda | 40.7% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 112 | United States of America | 39.7% | 2022 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 113 | Cape Verde | 39.0% | 2022 | up 5.0% | falling |
| 114 | Gambia | 38.6% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 115 | Lebanon | 38.0% | 2022 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 116 | Panama | 36.8% | 2022 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 117 | South Sudan | 36.5% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 118 | Romania | 36.3% | 2022 | up 115.0% | falling |
| 119 | Finland | 35.7% | 2022 | up 206.4% | volatile |
| 120 | Malta | 34.5% | 2022 | down 42.8% | rising |
| 121 | Togo | 34.1% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 122 | Georgia | 33.6% | 2022 | down 24.1% | falling |
| 123 | Bahrain | 33.3% | 2022 | down 1.1% | falling |
| 124 | Qatar | 33.3% | 2022 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 125 | Norway | 31.4% | 2022 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 126 | Latvia | 29.1% | 2022 | up 85.4% | rising |
| 127 | Gabon | 29.0% | 2022 | unchanged | rising |
| 128 | Russian Federation | 28.8% | 2022 | up 44.2% | rising |
| 129 | Botswana | 28.0% | 2022 | down 26.8% | falling |
| 130 | Belarus | 27.2% | 2022 | down 14.0% | rising |
| 131 | Benin | 25.2% | 2022 | down 3.5% | falling |
| 132 | Sierra Leone | 21.5% | 2022 | unchanged | volatile |
| 133 | Ukraine | 21.1% | 2022 | down 33.7% | rising |
| 134 | Angola | 20.8% | 2022 | unchanged | volatile |
| 135 | Lithuania | 19.6% | 2022 | up 114.6% | volatile |
| 136 | Jamaica | 17.1% | 2022 | down 29.2% | volatile |
| 137 | Djibouti | 15.8% | 2022 | unchanged | volatile |
| 138 | Antigua and Barbuda | 15.7% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 139 | Grenada | 14.9% | 2022 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 140 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 14.0% | 2022 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 141 | Bulgaria | 13.3% | 2022 | down 19.7% | falling |
| 142 | Poland | 13.0% | 2022 | up 35.6% | falling |
| 143 | Hungary | 11.0% | 2022 | up 73.3% | volatile |
| 144 | Canada | 10.7% | 2022 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 145 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 10.5% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 146 | France | 10.3% | 2022 | down 0.8% | falling |
| 147 | Switzerland | 9.2% | 2022 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 148 | Lesotho | 8.7% | 2022 | unchanged | volatile |
| 149 | Liberia | 8.4% | 2022 | unchanged | volatile |
| 150 | Serbia | 8.3% | 2022 | down 48.6% | flat |
| 151 | Croatia | 7.5% | 2022 | up 13.0% | volatile |
| 152 | Republic of Moldova | 6.9% | 2022 | up 56.6% | volatile |
| 153 | Seychelles | 6.6% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 154 | North Macedonia | 6.4% | 2022 | down 91.9% | volatile |
| 155 | Slovakia | 5.8% | 2022 | up 26.3% | falling |
| 156 | Brunei Darussalam | 5.8% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 157 | Austria | 5.2% | 2022 | up 100.1% | falling |
| 158 | Equatorial Guinea | 5.1% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 159 | Dominica | 5.0% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 160 | Sweden | 4.9% | 2022 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 161 | Maldives | 4.5% | 2022 | up 732.5% | volatile |
| 162 | Congo | 4.4% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 163 | Trinidad and Tobago | 4.4% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 164 | Germany | 4.2% | 2022 | up 64.7% | rising |
| 165 | Puerto Rico | 3.5% | 2022 | up 57.1% | falling |
| 166 | Netherlands | 3.2% | 2022 | up 473.4% | volatile |
| 167 | Czechia | 3.0% | 2022 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 168 | Ireland | 2.4% | 2022 | down 67.8% | falling |
| 169 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.3% | 2022 | unchanged | flat |
| 170 | Luxembourg | 1.0% | 2022 | up 128.4% | volatile |
| 171 | Belgium | 0.9% | 2022 | up 18.3% | volatile |
| 172 | Central African Republic | 0.6% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 173 | Estonia | 0.4% | 2022 | up 52.5% | volatile |
| 174 | Slovenia | 0.4% | 2022 | up 65.9% | falling |
| 175 | Montenegro | 0.3% | 2022 | down 3.8% | volatile |
| 176 | Papua New Guinea | 0.3% | 2022 | unchanged | falling |
| 177 | Iceland | 0.1% | 2022 | up 5.7% | volatile |
| 178 | Singapore | 0.0% | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0% | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Low income 90.9%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 90.8%
- Least developed countries 90.7%
- South Asia 90.3%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 90.3%
- IDA blend 90.2%
- IDA total 89.9%
- IDA only 89.6%
- Lower middle income 88.8%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 87.9%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 87.9%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 87.3%
- Early-demographic dividend 86.5%
- Africa Eastern and Southern 83.1%
- Pre-demographic dividend 82.0%
- Arab World 80.5%
- Low & middle income 80.3%
- Middle income 79.8%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 79.0%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 79.0%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 79.0%
- IDA & IBRD total 78.8%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 78.7%
- IBRD only 76.7%
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 74.8%
- Latin America & Caribbean 74.4%
- Upper middle income 73.6%
- Caribbean Small States 73.4%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 73.0%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 73.0%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 72.9%
- East Asia & Pacific 72.1%
- World 71.0%
- Africa Western and Central 66.4%
- Late-demographic dividend 65.2%
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 63.4%
- Pacific island small states 58.9%
- Europe & Central Asia 51.8%
- OECD members 49.4%
- Small states 48.4%
About this data
Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.