Tangerines, mandarins, clementines — Terms of trade by country
The food and agricultural trade indicators dataset is based on trade, production and gross domestic product (GDP) data. Agri-food trade data are collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD,...
What the numbers show
Tangerines, mandarins, clementines — Terms of trade is currently reported for 81 countries. The highest value is 613.75 % in Guyana; the lowest is 19.96 % in Zimbabwe.
The median across all reporting countries is 106.02 %, and the mean is 135.5 %.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 31.
Over the past decade 43 countries rose and 38 fell. The largest increase was in Guyana (up 786.8%), and the largest decrease in Colombia (down 88.3%).
Tangerines, mandarins, clementines — Terms of trade: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Guyana | 613.75 % | 2019 | up 786.8% | volatile |
| 2 | Morocco | 480.65 % | 2023 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 3 | Azerbaijan | 427.45 % | 2024 | up 327.4% | volatile |
| 4 | Bahrain | 414.77 % | 2023 | up 53.8% | rising |
| 5 | Eswatini | 347.71 % | 2024 | up 148.8% | volatile |
| 6 | Belarus | 334.57 % | 2021 | down 16.6% | volatile |
| 7 | Republic of Korea | 321.74 % | 2024 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 8 | Guatemala | 247.18 % | 2024 | up 193.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Albania | 244.59 % | 2024 | up 178.0% | rising |
| 10 | Japan | 203.07 % | 2024 | up 124.8% | rising |
| 11 | Slovenia | 187.31 % | 2024 | up 89.1% | rising |
| 12 | Saudi Arabia | 184.53 % | 2024 | up 42.7% | rising |
| 13 | Fiji | 182.36 % | 2024 | up 105.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Brazil | 180.43 % | 2024 | up 59.9% | rising |
| 15 | North Macedonia | 177.68 % | 2024 | up 74.4% | rising |
| 16 | United Arab Emirates | 167.1 % | 2023 | up 182.5% | rising |
| 17 | China, Taiwan Province of | 164.27 % | 2024 | up 125.7% | rising |
| 18 | India | 161.35 % | 2024 | up 56.1% | flat |
| 19 | Namibia | 153.24 % | 2024 | up 46.2% | volatile |
| 20 | Kazakhstan | 137.86 % | 2024 | up 28.1% | volatile |
| 21 | Lebanon | 137.51 % | 2024 | up 25.4% | volatile |
| 22 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 135.5 % | 2024 | up 31.4% | rising |
| 23 | Georgia | 135.49 % | 2024 | up 33.1% | rising |
| 24 | Italy | 135.09 % | 2024 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 25 | Sri Lanka | 130.16 % | 2024 | up 115.5% | volatile |
| 26 | Lithuania | 127.51 % | 2024 | up 12.6% | flat |
| 27 | Finland | 126.7 % | 2024 | up 34.7% | flat |
| 28 | Norway | 126.51 % | 2024 | up 43.0% | rising |
| 29 | Croatia | 126.29 % | 2024 | up 42.6% | flat |
| 30 | Kuwait | 117.08 % | 2023 | down 22.4% | flat |
| 31 | Spain | 116.17 % | 2024 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 32 | New Zealand | 114.81 % | 2024 | up 30.7% | rising |
| 33 | Cyprus | 113.44 % | 2024 | up 37.5% | flat |
| 34 | Greece | 112.93 % | 2024 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 35 | Slovakia | 110.98 % | 2024 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 36 | Sweden | 110.84 % | 2024 | up 19.7% | falling |
| 37 | Ireland | 109.52 % | 2024 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 38 | South Africa | 108.77 % | 2024 | up 10.7% | rising |
| 39 | Hungary | 106.71 % | 2024 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 40 | Estonia | 106.38 % | 2024 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 41 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 106.02 % | 2024 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 42 | Uganda | 105.86 % | 2024 | up 58.6% | volatile |
| 43 | Tajikistan | 102.98 % | 2023 | up 3.0% | volatile |
| 44 | Austria | 101.69 % | 2024 | up 6.6% | flat |
| 45 | Switzerland | 101.54 % | 2024 | down 6.9% | flat |
| 46 | Luxembourg | 101.48 % | 2024 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 47 | Jordan | 100.53 % | 2023 | down 49.4% | falling |
| 48 | Iceland | 100.51 % | 2024 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 49 | Poland | 100.06 % | 2024 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 50 | France | 99.44 % | 2024 | down 4.6% | flat |
| 51 | Montenegro | 98.79 % | 2024 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 52 | Germany | 97.21 % | 2024 | down 1.2% | flat |
| 53 | Singapore | 96.85 % | 2024 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 54 | Czechia | 94.62 % | 2024 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 55 | Uruguay | 93.66 % | 2023 | up 27.6% | flat |
| 56 | Serbia | 92.34 % | 2024 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 57 | Costa Rica | 91.5 % | 2024 | down 2.1% | flat |
| 58 | Portugal | 85.77 % | 2024 | down 14.8% | flat |
| 59 | Denmark | 84.69 % | 2024 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 60 | Latvia | 81.23 % | 2024 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 61 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 80.02 % | 2024 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 62 | Pakistan | 79.22 % | 2023 | down 71.5% | falling |
| 63 | Canada | 77.69 % | 2024 | down 30.8% | falling |
| 64 | Chile | 73.86 % | 2024 | down 13.9% | falling |
| 65 | Romania | 73.14 % | 2024 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 66 | Peru | 72.52 % | 2024 | down 18.0% | falling |
| 67 | Australia | 72.26 % | 2024 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 68 | Russian Federation | 72.17 % | 2021 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 69 | Bulgaria | 69.85 % | 2024 | down 28.2% | flat |
| 70 | Ecuador | 67.68 % | 2024 | down 39.3% | falling |
| 71 | China, mainland | 66.68 % | 2024 | down 22.4% | rising |
| 72 | Ukraine | 66.56 % | 2024 | down 37.4% | falling |
| 73 | Belgium | 61.62 % | 2024 | down 39.5% | falling |
| 74 | Honduras | 59.71 % | 2024 | down 62.2% | falling |
| 75 | Mexico | 59.04 % | 2024 | down 20.2% | volatile |
| 76 | Thailand | 52.45 % | 2024 | down 19.1% | flat |
| 77 | Kenya | 51.95 % | 2023 | down 85.3% | volatile |
| 78 | El Salvador | 42.83 % | 2024 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 79 | Malaysia | 41.26 % | 2024 | down 62.1% | falling |
| 80 | Colombia | 37.98 % | 2024 | down 88.3% | volatile |
| 81 | Zimbabwe | 19.96 % | 2024 | down 77.0% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- United States of America 112.04 %
- Viet Nam 94.56 %
- Türkiye 82.1 %
- Côte d'Ivoire 77.88 %
- Republic of Moldova 50.73 %
About this data
The food and agricultural trade indicators dataset is based on trade, production and gross domestic product (GDP) data. Agri-food trade data are collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD, Eurostat, and other national authorities as needed. The source data is checked for outliers, trade partner data is used for non-reporting countries or missing cells, and data on food aid is added to take total cross-border trade flows into account. The trade database includes the following variables: export quantity, export value, import quantity, and import value. It includes all food and agricultural products imported/exported annually by all countries in the world. Production data details are available at https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL and GDP data details are available at https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/MK