Permanent cropland (% of land area) by country
Permanent cropland is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber.
Countries reporting
201
Highest
60.0%
Tuvalu
Lowest
0.0%
Botswana
Median
1.6%
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
14,192
What the numbers show
Permanent cropland (% of land area) is currently reported for 201 countries. The highest value is 60.0% in Tuvalu; the lowest is 0.0% in Botswana.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.6%, and the mean is 4.7%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 17,002.
Over the past decade 103 countries rose and 54 fell. The largest increase was in Central African Republic (up 717.5%), and the largest decrease in United States Virgin Islands (down 80.0%).
Permanent cropland: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tuvalu | 60.0% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 2 | Sao Tome and Principe | 39.6% | 2023 | up 26.7% | falling |
| 3 | Kiribati | 39.5% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 4 | Marshall Islands | 36.1% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 5 | Cote d'Ivoire | 29.9% | 2023 | up 62.6% | volatile |
| 6 | Comoros | 28.5% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 7 | Micronesia (country) | 24.3% | 2020 | unchanged | flat |
| 8 | Malaysia | 22.7% | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 9 | Dominica | 22.7% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 10 | Nauru | 20.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 11 | Sri Lanka | 19.3% | 2023 | up 21.1% | flat |
| 12 | Philippines | 18.9% | 2023 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 13 | Vietnam | 15.7% | 2023 | up 29.7% | volatile |
| 14 | Tonga | 15.3% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 15 | Indonesia | 13.9% | 2023 | up 16.1% | volatile |
| 16 | Rwanda | 13.7% | 2023 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 17 | Lebanon | 13.7% | 2023 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 18 | Tunisia | 13.6% | 2023 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 19 | Burundi | 13.6% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 20 | Guam | 13.0% | 2023 | down 22.2% | rising |
| 21 | Ghana | 11.9% | 2023 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 22 | Palestine | 11.8% | 2023 | down 6.0% | falling |
| 23 | Grenada | 11.8% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 24 | Samoa | 11.4% | 2023 | up 15.3% | falling |
| 25 | Saint Lucia | 11.3% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 26 | Dominican Republic | 11.3% | 2023 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 27 | Thailand | 11.2% | 2023 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 28 | Guatemala | 11.0% | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 29 | Uganda | 11.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 30 | Haiti | 10.9% | 2023 | down 24.6% | rising |
| 31 | Vanuatu | 10.3% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 32 | Spain | 10.2% | 2023 | up 3.3% | flat |
| 33 | American Samoa | 9.7% | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 34 | Portugal | 9.6% | 2023 | up 18.0% | rising |
| 35 | Guinea-Bissau | 8.9% | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 36 | Italy | 8.1% | 2023 | up 6.2% | falling |
| 37 | Moldova | 8.1% | 2023 | down 10.0% | falling |
| 38 | Nigeria | 8.1% | 2023 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 39 | Greece | 8.0% | 2023 | down 7.9% | rising |
| 40 | El Salvador | 7.7% | 2023 | down 17.9% | flat |
| 41 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 7.7% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 42 | French Polynesia | 7.5% | 2023 | up 13.0% | rising |
| 43 | Costa Rica | 7.4% | 2023 | up 18.2% | rising |
| 44 | Bangladesh | 7.1% | 2023 | up 16.4% | volatile |
| 45 | British Virgin Islands | 6.7% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 46 | Cuba | 6.3% | 2023 | up 55.9% | rising |
| 47 | Jamaica | 6.3% | 2023 | down 2.6% | falling |
| 48 | Syria | 5.7% | 2023 | down 2.6% | rising |
| 49 | Ecuador | 5.6% | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 50 | Benin | 5.5% | 2023 | down 15.0% | volatile |
| 51 | East Timor | 5.4% | 2023 | up 6.8% | volatile |
| 52 | Honduras | 5.4% | 2023 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 53 | Guinea | 5.3% | 2023 | up 83.1% | rising |
| 54 | San Marino | 5.2% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 55 | India | 4.9% | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 56 | Turkey | 4.8% | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 57 | Israel | 4.7% | 2023 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 58 | Palau | 4.3% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 59 | Morocco | 4.3% | 2023 | up 31.4% | volatile |
| 60 | Trinidad and Tobago | 4.3% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 61 | Cameroon | 3.6% | 2023 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 62 | Fiji | 3.4% | 2023 | down 19.3% | flat |
| 63 | Azerbaijan | 3.3% | 2023 | up 18.8% | falling |
| 64 | Malta | 3.2% | 2023 | down 17.5% | rising |
| 65 | Albania | 3.2% | 2023 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 66 | Cyprus | 3.1% | 2023 | up 6.3% | falling |
| 67 | Togo | 3.1% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 68 | Seychelles | 3.0% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 69 | Cambodia | 3.0% | 2023 | up 214.5% | volatile |
| 70 | Maldives | 3.0% | 2023 | down 39.6% | flat |
| 71 | Solomon Islands | 2.8% | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 72 | Slovenia | 2.7% | 2023 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 73 | Burkina Faso | 2.6% | 2023 | up 80.4% | volatile |
| 74 | Serbia | 2.5% | 2023 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 75 | Bahrain | 2.5% | 2023 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 76 | Nicaragua | 2.5% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 77 | Barbados | 2.3% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 78 | Myanmar | 2.3% | 2023 | up 0.1% | volatile |
| 79 | Sierra Leone | 2.3% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 80 | Tanzania | 2.3% | 2023 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 81 | Mexico | 2.3% | 2023 | up 74.6% | rising |
| 82 | Antigua and Barbuda | 2.3% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 83 | Colombia | 2.2% | 2023 | up 23.7% | rising |
| 84 | Armenia | 2.2% | 2023 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 85 | Malawi | 2.1% | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 86 | South Korea | 2.1% | 2023 | down 4.9% | rising |
| 87 | Cayman Islands | 2.1% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 88 | North Korea | 2.1% | 2023 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 89 | Liberia | 2.1% | 2023 | down 4.8% | flat |
| 90 | China | 2.0% | 2023 | up 19.7% | volatile |
| 91 | Mauritius | 2.0% | 2023 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 92 | Papua New Guinea | 2.0% | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 93 | France | 1.9% | 2023 | up 3.1% | falling |
| 94 | Georgia | 1.8% | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 95 | Ethiopia | 1.8% | 2023 | up 56.9% | rising |
| 96 | Puerto Rico | 1.8% | 2023 | down 40.7% | falling |
| 97 | Peru | 1.8% | 2023 | up 52.5% | volatile |
| 98 | Romania | 1.8% | 2023 | down 8.2% | falling |
| 99 | Laos | 1.7% | 2023 | up 130.8% | volatile |
| 100 | Equatorial Guinea | 1.7% | 2023 | up 1.7% | falling |
| 101 | Hungary | 1.6% | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 102 | North Macedonia | 1.6% | 2023 | up 8.1% | falling |
| 103 | Panama | 1.6% | 2023 | down 31.2% | rising |
| 104 | Tajikistan | 1.5% | 2023 | up 51.5% | rising |
| 105 | Ukraine | 1.5% | 2023 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 106 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.4% | 2023 | down 30.2% | falling |
| 107 | Kenya | 1.4% | 2023 | up 36.5% | rising |
| 108 | Croatia | 1.4% | 2023 | up 8.4% | falling |
| 109 | Central African Republic | 1.4% | 2023 | up 717.5% | volatile |
| 110 | Belize | 1.4% | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 111 | Bulgaria | 1.3% | 2023 | up 0.8% | falling |
| 112 | Iraq | 1.2% | 2023 | up 62.7% | rising |
| 113 | Iran | 1.2% | 2023 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 114 | Brunei | 1.1% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 115 | Poland | 1.1% | 2023 | down 16.5% | rising |
| 116 | Netherlands | 1.1% | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 117 | Eswatini | 1.0% | 2023 | up 12.5% | volatile |
| 118 | Madagascar | 1.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 119 | Nepal | 1.0% | 2023 | down 11.4% | volatile |
| 120 | Uzbekistan | 1.0% | 2023 | up 18.0% | rising |
| 121 | Cape Verde | 1.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 122 | Egypt | 1.0% | 2023 | down 6.6% | volatile |
| 123 | Pakistan | 1.0% | 2023 | down 9.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Hong Kong | 1.0% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 125 | Jordan | 0.9% | 2023 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 126 | Brazil | 0.9% | 2023 | down 15.5% | rising |
| 127 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.9% | 2023 | up 38.3% | rising |
| 128 | Austria | 0.8% | 2023 | up 0.2% | falling |
| 129 | Venezuela | 0.8% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 130 | Belgium | 0.8% | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 131 | Denmark | 0.7% | 2023 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 132 | Japan | 0.7% | 2023 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 133 | Gambia | 0.7% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 134 | Chile | 0.7% | 2023 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 135 | Gabon | 0.7% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 136 | Switzerland | 0.6% | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 137 | Luxembourg | 0.6% | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 138 | United Arab Emirates | 0.6% | 2023 | down 1.4% | volatile |
| 139 | Germany | 0.6% | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 140 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.6% | 2023 | down 80.0% | falling |
| 141 | Yemen | 0.6% | 2023 | down 1.3% | volatile |
| 142 | Czechia | 0.5% | 2023 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 143 | Lithuania | 0.5% | 2023 | up 1.7% | falling |
| 144 | Mozambique | 0.5% | 2023 | up 19.6% | rising |
| 145 | Algeria | 0.4% | 2023 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 146 | Belarus | 0.4% | 2023 | down 28.1% | falling |
| 147 | Senegal | 0.4% | 2023 | up 19.1% | volatile |
| 148 | Afghanistan | 0.4% | 2023 | up 116.0% | rising |
| 149 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.4% | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 150 | Montenegro | 0.4% | 2023 | up 12.3% | volatile |
| 151 | Argentina | 0.4% | 2023 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 152 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.4% | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 153 | Bhutan | 0.4% | 2023 | up 12.8% | flat |
| 154 | Slovakia | 0.4% | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 155 | United States | 0.3% | 2023 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 156 | South Africa | 0.3% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 157 | Kuwait | 0.3% | 2023 | unchanged | volatile |
| 158 | Bahamas | 0.3% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 159 | Congo | 0.3% | 2023 | up 25.5% | rising |
| 160 | New Zealand | 0.3% | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 161 | Qatar | 0.3% | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 162 | Angola | 0.3% | 2023 | up 9.3% | falling |
| 163 | Mali | 0.2% | 2023 | up 85.8% | volatile |
| 164 | Bolivia | 0.2% | 2023 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 165 | Uruguay | 0.2% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 166 | Paraguay | 0.2% | 2023 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 167 | New Caledonia | 0.2% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 168 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.2% | 2023 | down 64.0% | volatile |
| 169 | Libya | 0.2% | 2023 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 170 | United Kingdom | 0.2% | 2023 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 171 | Latvia | 0.2% | 2023 | up 66.7% | volatile |
| 172 | Singapore | 0.1% | 2023 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 173 | Guyana | 0.1% | 2023 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 174 | South Sudan | 0.1% | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 175 | Lesotho | 0.1% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 176 | Russia | 0.1% | 2023 | up 9.8% | flat |
| 177 | Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 2023 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 178 | Sudan | 0.1% | 2023 | up 35.3% | rising |
| 179 | Oman | 0.1% | 2023 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 180 | Saudi Arabia | 0.1% | 2023 | down 8.8% | volatile |
| 181 | Estonia | 0.1% | 2023 | up 35.6% | falling |
| 182 | Niger | 0.1% | 2023 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 183 | Turkmenistan | 0.1% | 2023 | up 13.7% | rising |
| 184 | Zambia | 0.1% | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 185 | Australia | 0.1% | 2023 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 186 | Kazakhstan | 0.0% | 2023 | up 0.4% | falling |
| 187 | Somalia | 0.0% | 2023 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 188 | Djibouti | 0.0% | 2023 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 189 | Chad | 0.0% | 2023 | up 3.6% | volatile |
| 190 | Canada | 0.0% | 2023 | down 6.5% | rising |
| 191 | Andorra | 0.0% | 2023 | down 12.6% | falling |
| 192 | Eritrea | 0.0% | 2023 | down 0.1% | falling |
| 193 | Finland | 0.0% | 2023 | up 47.0% | rising |
| 194 | Suriname | 0.0% | 2023 | down 58.9% | falling |
| 195 | Namibia | 0.0% | 2023 | up 33.3% | volatile |
| 196 | Ireland | 0.0% | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 197 | Mauritania | 0.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 198 | Norway | 0.0% | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 199 | Sweden | 0.0% | 2023 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 200 | Mongolia | 0.0% | 2023 | up 20.6% | volatile |
| 201 | Botswana | 0.0% | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Pacific island small states 5.5%
- Euro area 3.9%
- South Asia 5.0%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 5.0%
- European Union 3.0%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 4.6%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 4.6%
- IDA blend 4.4%
- East Asia & Pacific 3.0%
- Africa Western and Central 2.9%
- Lower middle income 2.9%
- Middle income 2.5%
- Early-demographic dividend 2.4%
- Upper middle income 2.3%
- Low & middle income 2.2%
- IDA total 1.9%
- IDA & IBRD total 1.8%
- IBRD only 1.8%
- Pre-demographic dividend 1.7%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 1.6%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 1.6%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 1.6%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 1.6%
- Other small states 1.5%
- World 1.5%
- Late-demographic dividend 1.3%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 1.3%
- IDA only 1.3%
- Latin America & Caribbean 1.3%
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 1.2%
- Central Europe and the Baltics 1.2%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 1.1%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 1.1%
- Small states 1.1%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 1.1%
- Least developed countries 1.0%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 0.9%
- Low income 0.9%
- Africa Eastern and Southern 0.8%
- OECD members 0.8%
About this data
Permanent cropland is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber.