Wheat — Revealed comparative advantage index by country
The food and agricultural trade indicators dataset is based on trade, production and gross domestic product (GDP) data. Agri-food trade data are collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD,...
What the numbers show
Wheat — Revealed comparative advantage index is currently reported for 106 countries. The highest value is 9.77 in Kazakhstan; the lowest is 0 in China, mainland.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.04, and the mean is 0.9673.
Over the past decade 36 countries rose and 33 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 2,200.0%), and the largest decrease in Iran (Islamic Republic of) (down 100.0%).
Wheat — Revealed comparative advantage index: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kazakhstan | 9.77 | 2024 | down 8.6% | falling |
| 1 | Republic of Moldova | 5.5 | 2024 | up 146.6% | volatile |
| 2 | Russian Federation | 8.65 | 2021 | down 22.6% | rising |
| 2 | Türkiye | 0.81 | 2024 | up 1,250.0% | volatile |
| 3 | Romania | 7.67 | 2024 | up 47.5% | rising |
| 3 | Viet Nam | 0.04 | 2023 | up 300.0% | volatile |
| 4 | Bulgaria | 7.39 | 2024 | up 73.1% | rising |
| 4 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 0 | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 4 | United Republic of Tanzania | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 5 | Ukraine | 6.77 | 2024 | up 67.6% | rising |
| 6 | Latvia | 6.4 | 2024 | up 54.2% | rising |
| 7 | Lithuania | 5.74 | 2024 | up 63.1% | rising |
| 8 | Australia | 5.33 | 2024 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 9 | Canada | 4.93 | 2024 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 10 | Slovakia | 3.15 | 2024 | up 92.1% | rising |
| 11 | Estonia | 3.05 | 2024 | up 125.9% | rising |
| 12 | Hungary | 2.64 | 2024 | up 51.7% | rising |
| 13 | Malta | 2.53 | 2024 | up 2,200.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Argentina | 2.49 | 2024 | up 408.2% | rising |
| 15 | Czechia | 2.21 | 2024 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 16 | Serbia | 2.07 | 2024 | up 132.6% | rising |
| 17 | France | 1.93 | 2024 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 18 | Uruguay | 1.54 | 2023 | up 20.3% | volatile |
| 19 | Croatia | 1.38 | 2024 | up 122.6% | flat |
| 20 | Slovenia | 1.18 | 2024 | up 218.9% | volatile |
| 21 | Greece | 1.01 | 2024 | up 36.5% | rising |
| 22 | Poland | 1 | 2024 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 23 | Germany | 0.74 | 2024 | down 30.2% | falling |
| 24 | Paraguay | 0.73 | 2024 | up 97.3% | volatile |
| 25 | Austria | 0.67 | 2024 | up 4.7% | flat |
| 26 | Oman | 0.56 | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 27 | South Africa | 0.55 | 2024 | up 52.8% | volatile |
| 28 | Sweden | 0.47 | 2024 | down 50.5% | flat |
| 29 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.4 | 2024 | down 31.0% | volatile |
| 30 | Jordan | 0.37 | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 31 | North Macedonia | 0.32 | 2024 | up 966.7% | volatile |
| 32 | Finland | 0.27 | 2024 | down 35.7% | falling |
| 33 | Lebanon | 0.26 | 2024 | up 13.0% | volatile |
| 34 | Denmark | 0.25 | 2024 | down 21.9% | falling |
| 35 | Brazil | 0.19 | 2024 | up 375.0% | volatile |
| 36 | Luxembourg | 0.17 | 2024 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 37 | Spain | 0.11 | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 37 | Senegal | 0.11 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 39 | Zambia | 0.1 | 2024 | down 23.1% | volatile |
| 40 | Botswana | 0.09 | 2023 | up 800.0% | volatile |
| 41 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.07 | 2024 | down 74.1% | volatile |
| 42 | Belgium | 0.06 | 2024 | down 64.7% | falling |
| 42 | Palestine | 0.06 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 42 | Uzbekistan | 0.06 | 2024 | down 95.6% | volatile |
| 45 | Albania | 0.05 | 2016 | — | volatile |
| 45 | United Arab Emirates | 0.05 | 2023 | down 54.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Belarus | 0.05 | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 45 | Kenya | 0.05 | 2023 | up 25.0% | volatile |
| 45 | Sri Lanka | 0.05 | 2024 | up 66.7% | volatile |
| 45 | Pakistan | 0.05 | 2020 | up 400.0% | volatile |
| 51 | Italy | 0.04 | 2024 | down 55.6% | volatile |
| 51 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.04 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 51 | Mozambique | 0.04 | 2024 | down 55.6% | volatile |
| 51 | El Salvador | 0.04 | 2024 | up 300.0% | volatile |
| 55 | Benin | 0.03 | 2014 | — | volatile |
| 55 | Ireland | 0.03 | 2024 | up 200.0% | volatile |
| 57 | India | 0.02 | 2024 | down 97.8% | volatile |
| 57 | Portugal | 0.02 | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 57 | Yemen | 0.02 | 2019 | down 66.7% | volatile |
| 57 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 0.02 | 2024 | down 66.7% | falling |
| 61 | Angola | 0.01 | 2024 | down 75.0% | volatile |
| 61 | Burkina Faso | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Switzerland | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Egypt | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Gambia | 0.01 | 2024 | down 97.1% | volatile |
| 61 | Guyana | 0.01 | 2019 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Honduras | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Israel | 0.01 | 2024 | unchanged | volatile |
| 61 | Lesotho | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Mexico | 0.01 | 2024 | down 97.9% | volatile |
| 61 | Montenegro | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Qatar | 0.01 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Rwanda | 0.01 | 2020 | — | volatile |
| 61 | Togo | 0.01 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Armenia | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Azerbaijan | 0 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Burundi | 0 | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Bahrain | 0 | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Barbados | 0 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Cameroon | 0 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Congo | 0 | 2020 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Cyprus | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Dominican Republic | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Ethiopia | 0 | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Georgia | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Indonesia | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Jamaica | 0 | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Kuwait | 0 | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Morocco | 0 | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Myanmar | 0 | 2020 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Malawi | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Namibia | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Norway | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Peru | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Saudi Arabia | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0 | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Tunisia | 0 | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Uganda | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0 | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 75 | Zimbabwe | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 75 | China, mainland | 0 | 2024 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
The food and agricultural trade indicators dataset is based on trade, production and gross domestic product (GDP) data. Agri-food trade data are collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD, Eurostat, and other national authorities as needed. The source data is checked for outliers, trade partner data is used for non-reporting countries or missing cells, and data on food aid is added to take total cross-border trade flows into account. The trade database includes the following variables: export quantity, export value, import quantity, and import value. It includes all food and agricultural products imported/exported annually by all countries in the world. Production data details are available at https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL and GDP data details are available at https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/MK