Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture by country

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.

Countries reporting
189
Highest
294.46 million tonnes
China
Lowest
0 tonnes
Niue
Median
2.73 million tonnes
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,559

What the numbers show

Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture is currently reported for 189 countries. The highest value is 294.46 million tonnes in China; the lowest is 0 tonnes in Niue.

The median across all reporting countries is 2.73 million tonnes, and the mean is 11.25 million tonnes.

Over the past decade 94 countries rose and 73 fell. The largest increase was in Malawi (up 142.6%), and the largest decrease in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (down 100.0%).

Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 China 294.46 million tonnes 2023 down 6.4% rising
2 India 220.53 million tonnes 2023 up 17.4% rising
3 Brazil 170.61 million tonnes 2023 up 23.8% rising
4 United States 151.93 million tonnes 2023 down 1.2% rising
5 Australia 89.30 million tonnes 2023 up 72.9% falling
6 Pakistan 60.64 million tonnes 2023 up 32.8% rising
7 Indonesia 56.24 million tonnes 2023 up 23.1% rising
8 Russia 47.91 million tonnes 2023 up 21.8% falling
9 Ethiopia 46.03 million tonnes 2023 up 34.7% rising
10 Argentina 38.79 million tonnes 2023 up 8.1% rising
11 Canada 37.60 million tonnes 2023 up 14.0% rising
12 Mexico 34.04 million tonnes 2023 up 6.5% rising
13 Chad 28.21 million tonnes 2023 up 68.2% rising
14 Turkey 27.77 million tonnes 2023 up 23.1% rising
15 Nigeria 27.44 million tonnes 2023 up 13.7% rising
16 France 25.33 million tonnes 2023 down 14.3% falling
17 Tanzania 24.87 million tonnes 2023 up 32.4% rising
18 Sudan 24.60 million tonnes 2023 up 2.9% rising
19 Bangladesh 21.95 million tonnes 2023 up 18.4% rising
20 Germany 21.92 million tonnes 2023 down 19.5% falling
21 Thailand 21.85 million tonnes 2023 up 31.5% rising
22 Vietnam 20.19 million tonnes 2023 up 10.5% rising
23 United Kingdom 20.12 million tonnes 2023 down 3.5% falling
24 Colombia 18.56 million tonnes 2023 up 27.4% rising
25 Poland 18.02 million tonnes 2023 up 5.9% flat
26 South Sudan 17.84 million tonnes 2023 up 0.3% rising
27 Kenya 17.09 million tonnes 2023 up 24.4% rising
28 Iran 16.77 million tonnes 2023 up 14.8% rising
29 Angola 15.70 million tonnes 2023 up 1.8% rising
30 Ukraine 15.18 million tonnes 2023 down 12.4% falling
31 Uzbekistan 14.25 million tonnes 2023 up 38.6% rising
32 Mali 13.76 million tonnes 2023 up 40.1% rising
33 Belarus 13.55 million tonnes 2023 down 3.4% flat
34 South Africa 13.44 million tonnes 2023 up 2.4% flat
35 Mongolia 13.04 million tonnes 2023 up 32.0% rising
36 Democratic Republic of Congo 12.16 million tonnes 2023 up 2.0% rising
37 Egypt 12.10 million tonnes 2023 down 7.0% rising
38 Spain 12.03 million tonnes 2023 down 14.4% flat
39 New Zealand 11.65 million tonnes 2023 down 9.3% flat
40 Niger 11.47 million tonnes 2023 up 45.6% rising
41 Zambia 11.30 million tonnes 2023 up 0.6% rising
42 Uganda 10.87 million tonnes 2023 up 20.5% rising
43 Myanmar 10.60 million tonnes 2023 down 26.4% rising
44 Venezuela 9.99 million tonnes 2023 down 7.1% rising
45 Philippines 9.65 million tonnes 2023 up 10.3% rising
46 Bolivia 9.16 million tonnes 2023 up 27.6% rising
47 Italy 9.05 million tonnes 2023 down 10.2% falling
48 Paraguay 8.34 million tonnes 2023 up 2.6% rising
49 Burkina Faso 8.18 million tonnes 2023 up 7.8% rising
50 Mozambique 7.90 million tonnes 2023 down 2.0% rising
51 Kazakhstan 7.58 million tonnes 2023 up 15.4% falling
53 Peru 7.19 million tonnes 2023 up 0.8% rising
54 Uruguay 7.02 million tonnes 2023 down 0.6% rising
55 Japan 6.73 million tonnes 2023 down 3.7% falling
56 Romania 6.55 million tonnes 2023 up 6.9% falling
57 Botswana 6.48 million tonnes 2023 up 97.6% volatile
58 Morocco 6.42 million tonnes 2023 down 2.4% rising
59 Guinea 6.18 million tonnes 2023 up 30.4% rising
60 Central African Republic 6.13 million tonnes 2023 down 19.0% flat
61 Netherlands 5.96 million tonnes 2023 down 6.4% falling
62 Malawi 5.87 million tonnes 2023 up 142.6% volatile
63 Turkmenistan 5.67 million tonnes 2023 up 23.5% rising
64 Madagascar 5.66 million tonnes 2023 down 15.0% falling
65 Somalia 5.47 million tonnes 2023 down 4.0% flat
66 Algeria 5.36 million tonnes 2023 up 12.1% rising
66 Malaysia 5.36 million tonnes 2023 down 12.3% rising
68 Saudi Arabia 4.98 million tonnes 2023 up 59.6% rising
69 Cameroon 4.93 million tonnes 2023 up 1.9% rising
69 Senegal 4.93 million tonnes 2023 up 19.1% rising
71 Ghana 4.67 million tonnes 2023 up 15.6% rising
72 South Korea 4.55 million tonnes 2023 up 8.3% falling
73 Zimbabwe 4.53 million tonnes 2023 up 2.7% flat
74 Nepal 4.37 million tonnes 2023 down 3.5% rising
75 Chile 4.18 million tonnes 2023 down 10.3% rising
76 Finland 4.17 million tonnes 2023 up 2.5% flat
77 Hungary 4.16 million tonnes 2023 down 8.8% rising
78 Sweden 3.95 million tonnes 2023 up 2.9% flat
79 Cambodia 3.92 million tonnes 2023 up 16.0% rising
80 Afghanistan 3.83 million tonnes 2023 down 3.3% rising
81 Denmark 3.68 million tonnes 2023 down 4.4% falling
81 Iraq 3.68 million tonnes 2023 up 1.9% rising
83 Guatemala 3.66 million tonnes 2023 up 10.9% rising
84 Lithuania 3.30 million tonnes 2023 down 6.0% falling
85 Cote d'Ivoire 3.17 million tonnes 2023 up 17.8% rising
86 Bulgaria 3.16 million tonnes 2023 up 8.6% flat
86 Nicaragua 3.16 million tonnes 2023 up 26.9% rising
88 Laos 3.14 million tonnes 2023 up 42.1% rising
89 Yemen 3.10 million tonnes 2023 up 2.6% rising
90 Ecuador 3.03 million tonnes 2023 down 26.8% rising
91 Namibia 2.98 million tonnes 2023 down 2.9% rising
92 Mauritania 2.87 million tonnes 2023 up 11.2% rising
93 Dominican Republic 2.81 million tonnes 2023 up 21.6% rising
94 Greece 2.80 million tonnes 2023 down 17.6% falling
95 Syria 2.78 million tonnes 2023 up 3.0% falling
96 Benin 2.73 million tonnes 2023 up 43.7% rising
97 Serbia 2.71 million tonnes 2023 down 21.0% falling
98 Czechia 2.66 million tonnes 2023 down 16.4% falling
99 Azerbaijan 2.63 million tonnes 2023 up 3.1% rising
100 Belgium 2.54 million tonnes 2023 down 15.3% falling
101 Norway 2.45 million tonnes 2023 up 2.1% flat
102 Honduras 2.28 million tonnes 2023 up 15.2% rising
103 Cuba 2.26 million tonnes 2023 down 22.9% falling
104 Tajikistan 2.19 million tonnes 2023 up 46.0% rising
105 Austria 2.09 million tonnes 2023 down 9.1% falling
106 Tunisia 2.00 million tonnes 2023 down 0.5% rising
107 Latvia 1.86 million tonnes 2023 up 3.3% rising
108 Portugal 1.72 million tonnes 2023 down 13.6% falling
109 Togo 1.70 million tonnes 2023 up 28.8% rising
110 Costa Rica 1.66 million tonnes 2023 up 27.7% rising
110 Kyrgyzstan 1.66 million tonnes 2023 up 13.7% rising
112 Burundi 1.57 million tonnes 2023 up 65.3% rising
113 Papua New Guinea 1.49 million tonnes 2023 up 9.6% rising
114 Switzerland 1.47 million tonnes 2023 down 6.4% falling
115 Eritrea 1.46 million tonnes 2023 up 5.0% rising
116 Estonia 1.43 million tonnes 2023 up 0.7% flat
117 Sri Lanka 1.39 million tonnes 2023 down 4.1% rising
118 North Korea 1.28 million tonnes 2023 down 35.0% volatile
119 Rwanda 1.25 million tonnes 2023 down 1.6% rising
120 Haiti 1.22 million tonnes 2023 unchanged rising
121 Congo 1.21 million tonnes 2023 down 15.4% rising
122 Libya 1.18 million tonnes 2023 down 4.1% rising
123 Slovakia 1.15 million tonnes 2023 down 4.2% falling
124 Panama 1.10 million tonnes 2023 up 2.8% rising
125 Croatia 1.02 million tonnes 2023 down 1.9% falling
125 Sierra Leone 1.02 million tonnes 2023 up 1.0% rising
127 Moldova 910,000 tonnes 2023 up 26.4% falling
128 Georgia 890,000 tonnes 2023 down 8.2% falling
129 Israel 780,000 tonnes 2023 down 3.7% rising
130 El Salvador 730,000 tonnes 2023 down 24.0% falling
131 United Arab Emirates 700,000 tonnes 2023 up 12.9% rising
132 Jordan 680,000 tonnes 2023 up 28.3% rising
133 Oman 660,000 tonnes 2023 up 20.0% rising
134 Guinea-Bissau 640,000 tonnes 2023 up 1.6% rising
135 Albania 630,000 tonnes 2023 down 31.5% falling
136 Bosnia and Herzegovina 570,000 tonnes 2023 down 46.7% rising
137 Armenia 490,000 tonnes 2023 down 41.0% rising
138 Guyana 480,000 tonnes 2023 up 9.1% rising
138 Lebanon 480,000 tonnes 2023 up 2.1% rising
140 Slovenia 470,000 tonnes 2023 down 4.1% falling
141 Lesotho 420,000 tonnes 2023 down 17.6% falling
142 Eswatini 350,000 tonnes 2023 down 10.3% falling
143 Kuwait 330,000 tonnes 2023 up 32.0% rising
144 North Macedonia 310,000 tonnes 2023 down 22.5% falling
145 Iceland 280,000 tonnes 2023 down 3.4% falling
146 Gabon 270,000 tonnes 2023 down 3.6% rising
146 Gambia 270,000 tonnes 2023 down 6.9% rising
148 Qatar 259,999 tonnes 2023 up 136.4% volatile
149 Djibouti 230,000 tonnes 2023 up 4.5% rising
149 Jamaica 230,000 tonnes 2023 down 4.2% falling
149 Liberia 230,000 tonnes 2023 up 4.5% rising
149 East Timor 230,000 tonnes 2023 up 15.0% rising
153 Belize 180,000 tonnes 2023 up 12.5% rising
154 Fiji 170,000 tonnes 2023 down 39.3% falling
154 Suriname 170,000 tonnes 2023 up 30.8% rising
156 Trinidad and Tobago 160,000 tonnes 2023 down 5.9% rising
158 Cyprus 150,000 tonnes 2023 down 25.0% falling
159 Mauritius 100,000 tonnes 2023 down 9.1% flat
160 Brunei 90,000 tonnes 2023 up 12.5% rising
160 Montenegro 90,000 tonnes 2023 down 10.0% falling
162 Bhutan 70,000 tonnes 2023 down 12.5% rising
162 Vanuatu 70,000 tonnes 2023 down 41.7% falling
164 Cape Verde 50,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
165 Comoros 40,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged rising
166 Barbados 30,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
166 Samoa 30,000 tonnes 2023 down 25.0% rising
168 Bahrain 20,000 tonnes 2023 down 33.3% rising
168 Micronesia (country) 20,000 tonnes 2023 up 100.0% rising
168 Tonga 20,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
172 Antigua and Barbuda 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
172 Bahamas 10,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% rising
172 Dominica 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
172 Equatorial Guinea 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
172 Grenada 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
172 Saint Lucia 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
172 Singapore 10,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% falling
172 Solomon Islands 10,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% rising
172 Sao Tome and Principe 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged volatile
181 Andorra 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Kiribati 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0 tonnes 2023 volatile
181 Maldives 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Marshall Islands 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Nauru 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Palau 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Seychelles 0 tonnes 2023 volatile
181 Tuvalu 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0 tonnes 2023 down 100.0% falling
181 Cook Islands 0 tonnes 2023 flat
181 Niue 0 tonnes 2023 flat

About this data

Indicator
Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture
Unit
tonnes
Source
Climate Watch (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
193 places, 6,559 data points, 1990–2023
Last refreshed

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.