{"entity":{"iso2":"ES","iso3":"ESP","name":"Spain","slug":"spain"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"cereal-crop-yield-vs-fertilizer-application","source":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2025) \u2013 with major processing by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cereal-crop-yield-vs-fertilizer-application","title":"Cereal yield vs. fertilizer use","unit":"tonnes per hectare"},"observations":[{"date":"1961-01-01","value":1.0825},{"date":"1962-01-01","value":1.2787},{"date":"1963-01-01","value":1.3031},{"date":"1964-01-01","value":1.1785},{"date":"1965-01-01","value":1.2507},{"date":"1966-01-01","value":1.3276},{"date":"1967-01-01","value":1.4806},{"date":"1968-01-01","value":1.5691},{"date":"1969-01-01","value":1.5581},{"date":"1970-01-01","value":1.3803},{"date":"1971-01-01","value":1.8405},{"date":"1972-01-01","value":1.6111},{"date":"1973-01-01","value":1.5951},{"date":"1974-01-01","value":1.7656},{"date":"1975-01-01","value":1.9743},{"date":"1976-01-01","value":1.7662},{"date":"1977-01-01","value":1.9252},{"date":"1978-01-01","value":2.1747},{"date":"1979-01-01","value":1.9078},{"date":"1980-01-01","value":2.4799},{"date":"1981-01-01","value":1.5713},{"date":"1982-01-01","value":1.7643},{"date":"1983-01-01","value":1.8511},{"date":"1984-01-01","value":2.7721},{"date":"1985-01-01","value":2.7622},{"date":"1986-01-01","value":2.1431},{"date":"1987-01-01","value":2.6268},{"date":"1988-01-01","value":3.0179},{"date":"1989-01-01","value":2.4915},{"date":"1990-01-01","value":2.4827},{"date":"1991-01-01","value":2.4889},{"date":"1992-01-01","value":1.955},{"date":"1993-01-01","value":2.7174},{"date":"1994-01-01","value":2.3483},{"date":"1995-01-01","value":1.7297},{"date":"1996-01-01","value":3.303},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":2.7644},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":3.3959},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":2.7052},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":3.6033},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":2.8047},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":3.222},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":3.2507},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":3.7501},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":2.1593},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":3.0282},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":3.9339},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":3.5735},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":2.9448},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":3.2915},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":3.6918},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":2.8425},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":4.0471},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":3.2485},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":3.2431},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":3.8778},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":2.7702},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":4.2055},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":3.4455},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":4.5015},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":4.2274},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":3.3074},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":2.1909},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":3.7859}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":3.7859,"max":4.5015,"mean":2.56699,"min":1.0825,"of":185,"rank":71,"trend":"rising"}}