Cereal yield vs. fertilizer use by country

Measured in tonnes per hectare.

Countries reporting
181
Highest
27.67 tonnes per hectare
Oman
Lowest
0.0403 tonnes per hectare
Cape Verde
Median
3.04 tonnes per hectare
Years covered
64
1961–2024
Data points
10,534

What the numbers show

Cereal yield vs. fertilizer use is currently reported for 181 countries. The highest value is 27.67 tonnes per hectare in Oman; the lowest is 0.0403 tonnes per hectare in Cape Verde.

The median across all reporting countries is 3.04 tonnes per hectare, and the mean is 3.74 tonnes per hectare.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 687.

Over the past decade 108 countries rose and 73 fell. The largest increase was in Cyprus (up 394.7%), and the largest decrease in French Guiana (down 51.0%).

Cereal yield vs. fertilizer use: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Oman 27.67 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 257.0% volatile
2 United Arab Emirates 22.47 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 57.8% volatile
3 Qatar 14.98 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 130.6% volatile
4 Kuwait 14.2 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 35.1% volatile
5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13.34 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 45.5% volatile
6 Mauritius 11.89 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 215.8% volatile
7 New Caledonia 11.65 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 142.7% volatile
8 New Zealand 9.1 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 13.3% rising
9 United States 8.41 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 10.2% rising
10 Reunion 7.78 tonnes per hectare 2006 up 2.4% rising
11 Bahamas 7.74 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.9% volatile
12 Egypt 7.36 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 3.9% rising
14 Belgium 6.86 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 27.3% falling
15 Netherlands 6.81 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 25.0% rising
16 Germany 6.79 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 15.6% rising
17 Austria 6.72 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 4.6% rising
18 Chile 6.61 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 7.8% rising
19 Slovenia 6.59 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 1.8% rising
20 Croatia 6.57 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 9.0% rising
21 Guyana 6.56 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 25.9% rising
22 United Kingdom 6.56 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 14.8% rising
23 South Korea 6.54 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.1% rising
24 China 6.49 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 10.1% rising
25 Taiwan 6.43 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.0% rising
26 France 6.28 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 17.1% rising
27 Japan 6.25 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.2% rising
28 Denmark 6.1 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 9.7% rising
29 Vietnam 6.04 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 8.2% rising
30 Czechia 5.75 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 7.5% rising
31 Hungary 5.63 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 4.5% rising
32 Slovakia 5.56 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 7.9% rising
33 Uzbekistan 5.5 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 14.3% rising
34 Indonesia 5.42 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 6.3% rising
35 Bangladesh 5.41 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 18.6% rising
36 Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.36 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 34.8% rising
37 Portugal 5.31 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 20.2% volatile
38 Sweden 5.24 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 7.2% rising
40 Serbia 5.17 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 13.2% rising
41 Albania 5.15 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 5.3% rising
42 Ukraine 5.15 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 17.0% rising
43 Saudi Arabia 5.11 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.7% volatile
44 Bulgaria 5.1 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 5.0% rising
45 Uruguay 5.06 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 16.2% volatile
46 Brazil 5 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 7.8% volatile
47 Italy 4.98 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 12.9% rising
49 Argentina 4.85 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 5.1% rising
50 Poland 4.85 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 13.7% rising
51 Peru 4.85 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 20.8% rising
52 Papua New Guinea 4.79 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 1.3% rising
53 Switzerland 4.58 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 34.9% rising
54 South Africa 4.56 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 6.9% volatile
55 Dominican Republic 4.46 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.8% rising
56 Suriname 4.45 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 0.3% rising
57 Colombia 4.42 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 17.8% rising
58 Lithuania 4.39 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 10.4% rising
59 Venezuela 4.31 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 6.8% rising
60 Panama 4.23 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 41.7% rising
61 Norway 4.22 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 3.3% rising
62 Laos 4.2 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 6.9% rising
63 Tajikistan 4.12 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 29.3% rising
64 Sri Lanka 4.07 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 7.1% rising
65 Greece 4.05 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 5.4% rising
66 Canada 4.02 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 10.3% rising
67 Ecuador 4.01 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 24.6% rising
68 Latvia 3.97 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 14.0% rising
69 Philippines 3.83 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 5.4% rising
70 Costa Rica 3.81 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 15.4% rising
71 Spain 3.79 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 16.5% rising
72 Myanmar 3.78 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.4% rising
73 Cambodia 3.78 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 22.0% rising
74 Mexico 3.75 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 4.7% rising
75 Puerto Rico 3.75 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 77.6% volatile
76 Estonia 3.73 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 1.7% rising
77 Belize 3.7 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.9% rising
78 India 3.63 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 21.5% rising
79 Pakistan 3.62 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 20.6% rising
80 Finland 3.62 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.9% rising
81 Paraguay 3.62 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 10.4% rising
82 North Korea 3.61 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 13.1% rising
83 North Macedonia 3.57 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 8.6% rising
84 Bhutan 3.55 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 9.1% rising
85 Malaysia 3.54 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 23.5% rising
86 Romania 3.53 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 13.4% rising
87 Nepal 3.52 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 29.4% rising
88 Kyrgyzstan 3.49 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 53.3% rising
89 Turkey 3.43 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 21.1% rising
90 Azerbaijan 3.43 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 46.2% rising
91 Belarus 3.39 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 8.8% rising
92 Thailand 3.08 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.9% rising
93 Fiji 3.07 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 31.5% rising
94 Russia 3.04 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 24.5% rising
95 El Salvador 2.82 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 13.4% rising
96 Georgia 2.82 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 38.5% rising
97 Barbados 2.79 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 3.5% rising
98 Iran 2.72 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 32.8% rising
99 Montenegro 2.7 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 21.8% rising
100 Australia 2.69 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 34.5% rising
101 Lebanon 2.66 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 21.4% rising
102 Iraq 2.65 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 25.2% volatile
103 Ghana 2.63 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 54.5% rising
104 Ethiopia 2.63 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 18.1% rising
105 Israel 2.62 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 46.7% rising
106 Cote d'Ivoire 2.54 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 15.2% rising
107 Palestine 2.52 tonnes per hectare 2022 up 28.9% rising
108 Nicaragua 2.52 tonnes per hectare 2023 up 42.7% rising
109 Maldives 2.44 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 5.7% rising
110 Brunei 2.42 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 49.7% flat
111 Moldova 2.41 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 23.9% rising
112 Madagascar 2.39 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 20.5% rising
113 Afghanistan 2.36 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 12.5% rising
114 Zambia 2.32 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 16.5% rising
115 Guatemala 2.24 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 6.9% rising
116 Bolivia 2.21 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 12.8% rising
117 East Timor 2.11 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 27.7% rising
118 Djibouti 2.04 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.7% rising
119 Sao Tome and Principe 2 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 3.0% rising
120 Senegal 2 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 80.3% rising
121 Hong Kong 2 tonnes per hectare 1990 down 5.7% rising
123 Iceland 1.97 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 38.1% falling
124 Antigua and Barbuda 1.96 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 24.0% falling
125 Armenia 1.96 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 38.4% rising
126 Cuba 1.95 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 30.9% rising
127 Uganda 1.92 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 7.7% rising
128 Tunisia 1.89 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 4.7% rising
129 Honduras 1.89 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 1.7% rising
130 Malawi 1.88 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 15.4% rising
131 Tanzania 1.87 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 12.2% rising
132 Solomon Islands 1.87 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 2.5% falling
133 Rwanda 1.78 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 26.7% rising
134 Cameroon 1.77 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 8.6% rising
135 Comoros 1.72 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 8.5% rising
136 Micronesia (country) 1.72 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 2.7% rising
137 Turkmenistan 1.71 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 0.6% falling
138 French Guiana 1.7 tonnes per hectare 2006 down 51.0% rising
139 Kenya 1.69 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 6.9% rising
140 Dominica 1.69 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 4.1% rising
141 Mali 1.66 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 6.8% rising
142 Jordan 1.61 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 22.5% rising
143 Syria 1.61 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 51.1% rising
144 Gabon 1.59 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 0.3% rising
145 Nigeria 1.56 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 0.2% rising
146 Mauritania 1.54 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 8.4% volatile
147 Algeria 1.54 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 12.2% rising
148 Kazakhstan 1.53 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 30.4% rising
149 Cyprus 1.44 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 394.7% rising
150 Sierra Leone 1.37 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 9.8% rising
151 Benin 1.36 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 7.1% rising
152 Guinea 1.35 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 20.3% falling
153 Jamaica 1.34 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 17.9% falling
154 Guinea-Bissau 1.33 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 4.4% rising
155 Mongolia 1.25 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 25.0% rising
156 Morocco 1.24 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 14.7% rising
157 Burkina Faso 1.2 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 2.3% rising
158 Togo 1.2 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 3.9% rising
159 Burundi 1.16 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 12.7% rising
160 Liberia 1.11 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 3.9% rising
161 Angola 1.11 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 24.5% rising
162 Eswatini 1.08 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 20.5% rising
163 Zimbabwe 1.07 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 28.7% falling
164 Haiti 1.06 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 18.9% falling
165 Gambia 1 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 33.4% falling
166 Grenada 0.9966 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 0.3% rising
167 Trinidad and Tobago 0.9757 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 11.2% falling
168 South Sudan 0.945 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 24.6% rising
169 Botswana 0.9004 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 195.0% volatile
170 Congo 0.8737 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 4.9% flat
171 Democratic Republic of Congo 0.8718 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 13.4% rising
172 Chad 0.8269 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 3.4% rising
173 Central African Republic 0.7884 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 12.0% rising
174 Mozambique 0.7764 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 4.2% flat
175 Yemen 0.7687 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 20.2% rising
176 Saint Lucia 0.7 tonnes per hectare 1979 down 21.6% falling
177 Libya 0.6597 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 1.1% rising
178 Eritrea 0.638 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 4.3% rising
179 Vanuatu 0.6362 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 3.3% rising
180 Lesotho 0.6035 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 11.7% falling
181 Sudan 0.5803 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 15.1% falling
182 Niger 0.5774 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 29.2% rising
183 Somalia 0.3621 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 37.9% rising
184 Namibia 0.1844 tonnes per hectare 2024 down 18.4% rising
185 Cape Verde 0.0403 tonnes per hectare 2024 up 17.5% volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

About this data

Indicator
Cereal yield vs. fertilizer use
Unit
tonnes per hectare
Source
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
186 places, 10,534 data points, 1961–2024
Last refreshed

Measured in tonnes per hectare.